<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-56-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1040</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка вовлеченности полиморфизма rs1801282 гена PPARG2 в патогенез бронхиальной астмы с ожирением у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the involvement of PPARG2 gene rs1801282 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma with obesity in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Телепнева</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Telepneva</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Регина Сергеевна Телепнева, научный сотрудник группы медико-экологических проблем здоровья матери и ребенка</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina S. Telepneva, MD, Staff Scientist of the Group of Health and EnvironmentalProblems of Mother and Child Health</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pupykin84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеева</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseeva</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Петровна Евсеева, д-р мед. наук, зам. директора по научной работе, главный научный сотрудник группы медико-экологических проблем здоровья матери и ребенка</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina P. Evseeva, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Deputy Director on Scientific Work, Main Staff Scientist of the Group of Health and Environmental Problems of Mother and Child Health</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evceewa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наговицына</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagovitsyna</surname><given-names>E. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Борисовна Наговицына, канд. мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник группы молекулярно-генетической диагностики</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena B. Nagovitsyna, MD, PhD (Med.), Leading Staff Scientist of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics Group, Laboratory of Integral Methods of Bronchopulmonary and Perinatal Pathology Research</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iomid@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Николаевич Супрун, канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник группы медико-экологических проблем здоровья матери и ребенка; доцент кафедры госпитальной и факультетской терапии с курсом пропедевтики детских болезней</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p><p>680000, г. Хабаровск, ул. Муравьева-Амурского, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy N. Suprun, MD, PhD (Med.), Senior Staff Scientist of the Group of Health and Environmental Problems of Mother and Child Health; Associate Professor of Department of Hospital and Faculty Pediatrics with a Course of Propaedeutic of Children’s Diseases Department</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iomid@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халецкая</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaletskaya</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Ивановна Халецкая, научный сотрудник группы клинической иммунологии и эндокринологии</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Khaletskaya, Staff Scientist of the Group of Clinical Immunology and Endocrinology</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iomid@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стефания Викторовна Супрун, д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник группы медико-экологических проблем здоровья матери и ребенка</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stefania V. Suprun, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Main Staff Scientist of the Group of Health and Environmental Problems of Mother and Child Health</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iomid@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедько</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Антоновна Лебедько, д-р мед. наук, директор Хабаровскогофилиала</p><p>680022, г. Хабаровск, ул. Воронежская 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Lebed’ko, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Director</p><p>1 Voronezhskaya Str., Khabarovsk, 680022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iomid@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровский филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и детства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khabarovsk Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood Protection</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровский филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и детства; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Дальневосточный государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khabarovsk Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood Protection; Far Eastern State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>85</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Телепнева Р.С., Евсеева Г.П., Наговицына Е.Б., Супрун Е.Н., Халецкая Н.И., Супрун С.В., Лебедько О.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Телепнева Р.С., Евсеева Г.П., Наговицына Е.Б., Супрун Е.Н., Халецкая Н.И., Супрун С.В., Лебедько О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Telepneva R.S., Evseeva G.P., Nagovitsyna E.В., Suprun E.N., Khaletskaya N.I., Suprun S.V., Lebedko O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1040">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1040</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Особенности клинического течения бронхиальной астмы (БА) у детей с ожирением позволили выделить особый фенотип, когда наличие и выраженность ожирения определяют более тяжелое течение БА и худший ответ на терапию астмы. БА, как и ожирение, признаны классическим примером мультифакториальных заболеваний, в основе которых лежит достаточно сложная генная сеть. Исследование генетической основы обоих этих сложных признаков и привязка их к фенотипу БА должно способствовать нашему пониманию общей генетической основы данных патологических расстройств.Цель. Оценка клинико-генетической значимости полиморфизма rs1801282 гена PPARG2 (34C&gt;G, p.Pro12Ala) у детей с БА и ожирением.Материалы и методы. Обследован 161 ребенок с БА, из них 59 пациентов с ожирением 1-3 ст. Обследование включало общеклинические, функциональные, инструментальные методы. Уровень контроля БА определяли согласно критериям GINA (2018). Исследование полиморфизмов гена проводили методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ частот полиморфизма гена PPARG2 у детей с БА не выявил различий с контрольной группой здоровых лиц. У 61% детей с БА и ожирением отсутствовал контроль над заболеванием, что ассоциировалось с аллелью G (ОШ 2,4 [95% ДИ: 1,09‒5,30], р=0,0281). Выявлено повышение активности лактатдегидрогеназы и снижение мембранного потенциала митохондрий в лимфоцитах периферической крови у детей с генотипом GG, что может опосредованно влиять на уровень контроля заболевания.Заключение. Коморбидность БА и ожирения у детей влияет на контроль заболевания. Это проявляется через иммунные механизмы, играющие ключевую роль в энергетическом гомеостазе и дисфункции митохондрий иммунокомпетентных клеток крови. Маркером отсутствия контроля над заболеванием у детей БА с ожирением может являться G-аллель гена PPARG2. Патогенетическое значение данного полиморфизма требует дальнейшего изучения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Features of the clinical course of bronchial asthma in children with obesity made it possible to identify a special phenotype, when the presence and severity of obesity determine a more severe course of asthma and a worse response to asthma therapy. Asthma, like obesity, is recognized as a classic example of multifactorial diseases, which are based on a rather complex gene network. Studying the genetic basis of both of these complex traits and linking them to the asthma phenotype should contribute to our understanding of the overall genetic basis of these pathological disorders.Aim. Evaluation of the clinical and genetic significance of the rs1801282 polymorphism of the PPARG2 gene (34C&gt;G, p.Pro12Ala) in children with asthma and obesity.Materials and methods. 161 children with asthma were examined, including 59 patients with obesity 1-3 degrees. The examination included general clinical, functional, instrumental methods. The level of asthma control was determined according to the GINA criteria (2018). The study of gene polymorphisms was carried out by the real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. An analysis of the frequencies of the PPARG2 gene polymorphism in children with bronchial asthma did not reveal any differences from the control group healthy people. In 61% of children with asthma and obesity, there was no control over the disease, which was associated with the G allele (OR 2.4 [95% CI: 1.09‒5.30], p=0.0281). An increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and a decrease in the membrane potential of mitochondria in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with the GG genotype were revealed, which may indirectly affect the level of disease control.Conclusion. The comorbidity of asthma and obesity in children affects the control of the disease. This manifests itself through immune mechanisms that play a key role in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction of immunocompetent blood cells. The G-allele of the PPARG2 gene can be a marker of the lack of control over the disease in obese children with asthma. The pathogenetic significance of this polymorphism requires further study.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>генетический полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>PPARG2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>genetic polymorphism</kwd><kwd>PPARG</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Portelli M., Sayers I. Genetic basis for personalized medicine in asthma // Expert Rev. Respir. Med. 2012. Vol.6, Iss.2. P.223‒236. https://doi.org/10.1586/ers.12.9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Portelli M., Sayers I. Genetic basis for personalized medicine in asthma. Expert Rev. Respir. Med. 2012; 6(2):223‒236. https://doi.org/10.1586/ers.12.9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новикова В.П., Эглит А.Э. Бронхиальная астма и ожирение у детей // Вопросы детской диетологии. 2014. Т.12, №3. С.46–51. EDN: SLPOCJ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novikova V.P., Eglit A.E. [Bronchial asthma and obesity in children]. Voprosy detskoi dietologii = Pediatric Nutrition 2014; 12(3):46–51 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">di Palmo E., Filice E., Cavallo A., Caffarelli C., Maltoni G., Miniaci A., Ricci G., Pession A. Childhood Obesity and Respiratory Diseases: Which Link? // Children. 2021. Vol.8, Iss.3. Article number: 177. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030177</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">di Palmo E., Filice E., Cavallo A., Caffarelli C., Maltoni G., Miniaci A., Ricci G., Pession A. Childhood Obesity and Respiratory Diseases: Which Link? Children 2021; 8(3):177. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030177</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фомина Д.С., Горячкина Л.А., Алексеева Ю.Г., Бобрикова Е.Н. Бронхиальная астма и ожирение: поиск терапевтических моделей // Пульмонология. 2014. №6. С.94‒102. EDN: TKTMIV. https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-6-94-102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomina D.S., Goryachkina L.A., Alekseeva Yu.G., Bobrikova E.N. [Bronchial asthma and obesity: search for therapeutic models]. Pulmonologiya 2014; (6):94‒102 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-6-94-102</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Косенкова Т.В., Новикова В.П. Бронхиальная астма и ожирение у детей. Механизмы взаимосвязи // Медицина: теория и практика. 2019. Т.4, №1. С.62‒83. EDN: BUHTOR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kosenkova T.V., Novikova V.P. [Bronchial asthma and obesity in children. Mechanisms of interrelation]. Medicine: theory and practice 2019; 4(1):62‒83 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hallstrand T.S., Fisher M.E., Wurfel M.M., Afari N., Buchwald D., Goldberg J. Genetic pleiotropy between asthma and obesity in a community based sample of twins // J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2005. Vol.116, Iss.6. Р.1235–1241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.09.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hallstrand T.S., Fisher M.E., Wurfel M.M., Afari N., Buchwald D., Goldberg J. Genetic pleiotropy between asthma and obesity in a community based sample of twins. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2005; 116(6):1235–1241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.09.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ширинский И.В., Ширинский В.С. Плейотропные свойства PPARα: от экспериментов к клинике // Медицинская иммунология, 2021. Т.23, №3. С.439‒454. EDN: AQCDFK. https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-PEO-2222</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shirinsky I.V., Shirinsky V.S. [Pleiotropic effects of PPARα – from benchside to bedside]. Meditsinskaya Immunologiya = Medical Immunology (Russia) 2021; 23(3):439‒454 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-PEO-2222</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamichane S., Lamichane D.B., Kwon S.М. Pivotal Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and Their Signal Cascade for Cellular and Whole-Body Energy Homeostasis // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018. Vol.19, Iss.4. Article number: 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040949</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamichane S., Lamichane D.B., Kwon S.М. Pivotal Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and Their Signal Cascade for Cellular and Whole-Body Energy Homeostasis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018; 19(4):949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040949</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song Y., Li S., He C. PPARγ Gene Polymorphisms, Metabolic Disorders, and Coronary Artery Disease // Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 2022. Vol.9. Article number: 808929. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.808929</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song Y., Li S., He C. PPARγ Gene Polymorphisms, Metabolic Disorders, and Coronary Artery Disease. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 2022; 9:808929. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.808929</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aguayo-Armendáriz J., Montalvo-Corral M., González-Martínez K.A., Grijalva-Haro M.I., Ballesteros-Vásquez M.N., Caire-Juvera G., Moya-Camarena S.Y. Central obesity and body fat, but not body mass index, are associated with the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ gene in a population with a high consumption of saturated and trans-fatty acids // Nutr. Res. 2018. Vol.57. Р.28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2018.05.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aguayo-Armendáriz J., Montalvo-Corral M., González-Martínez K.A., Grijalva-Haro M.I., Ballesteros-Vásquez M.N., Caire-Juvera G., Moya-Camarena S.Y. Central obesity and body fat, but not body mass index, are associated with the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ gene in a population with a high consumption of saturated and trans-fatty acids. Nutr. Res. 2018; 57:28‒35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2018.05.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vales-Villamarín C., de Dios O., Pérez-Nadador I., Gavela-Pérez T., Soriano-Guillén L., Garcés C. PPARγ2 Pro12Ala Polymorphism is Associated in Children With Traits Related to Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes // Front. Pharmacol. 2021. Vol.12. Article number: 763853. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.763853</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vales-Villamarín C., de Dios O., Pérez-Nadador I., Gavela-Pérez T., Soriano-Guillén L., Garcés C. PPARγ2 Pro12Ala Polymorphism is Associated in Children With Traits Related to Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes. Front. Pharmacol. 2021; 12:763853. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.763853</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Becer E., Çırakoğlu A. Effect of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 gene on lipid profile and adipokines levels in obese subjects // Balkan J. Med. Genet. 2017. Vol.20, Iss.1. Р.71‒80. https://doi.org/10.1515/bjmg-2017-0007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Becer E., Çırakoğlu A. Effect of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 gene on lipid profile and adipokines levels in obese subjects. Balkan J. Med. Genet. 2017; 20(1):71‒80. https://doi.org/10.1515/bjmg-2017-0007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rehanand V.K., Torday J.S. PPARγ Signaling Mediatesthe Evolution, Development, Homeostasis, and Repair of the Lung // PPAR Research. 2012. Vol.2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/289867</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rehanand V.K., Torday J.S. PPARγ Signaling Mediatesthe Evolution, Development, Homeostasis, and Repair of the Lung. PPAR Research 2012; 2012:289867. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/289867</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jabbari P., Sadeghalvad M., Rezaei N. An inflammatory triangle in Sarcoidosis: PPAR-γ, immune microenvironment, and inflammation // Expert. Opin. Biol. Ther. 2021. Vol.21, Iss.11. Р.1451‒1459. https://doi.org10.1080/14712598.2021.1913118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jabbari P., Sadeghalvad M., Rezaei N. An inflammatory triangle in Sarcoidosis: PPAR-γ, immune microenvironment, and inflammation. Expert. Opin. Biol. Ther. 2021; 21(11):1451‒1459. https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2021.1913118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banno A., Reddy A.T., Lakshmi S.P., Reddy R.C. PPARs: key regulators of airway inflammation and potential therapeutic targets in asthma // Nucl. Receptor Res. 2018. Vol.5. Article number: 101306. https://doi.org/10.11131/2018/101306</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banno A., Reddy A.T., Lakshmi S.P., Reddy R.C. PPARs: key regulators of airway inflammation and potential therapeutic targets in asthma. Nucl. Receptor Res. 2018; 5:101306. https://doi.org/10.11131/2018/101306</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова И.В., Черная Н.Л., Мамонтова О.К. Оценка жирового компонента массы тела школьников с помощью портативного полуавтоматического калипера // Педиатрия. Журнал им. Г.Н. Сперанского. 2011. Т.90, №3. С.34‒37. EDN: OEEBBF.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanova I.V., Chernaya N.L., Mamontova O.K. [Assessment of the fat component of the body mass of schoolchildren using a portable semi-automatic caliper]. Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 2011; 90(3):34‒37 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ковтун О.П., Устюжанина М.А. Связь носительства полиморфизма гена PPARG с ранним дебютом ожирения у детей // Вестник уральской медицинской академической науки. 2018. Т.15, №1. С.42–47. EDN: YWMLKV. https://doi.org/10.22138/2500-0918-2018-15-1-42-47</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovtun O.P., Ustyuzhanina M.A.. Impact of PPARG (Pro12Ala) [Polymorphism on Early Debut of Obesity in Children]. Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science 2018; 15(1):42–47 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.22138/2500-0918-2018-15-1-42-47</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamichane S., Lamichane B.D., Kwon S. Pivotal Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018. Vol.19, Iss.4. Article number: 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040949</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamichane S., Lamichane B.D., Kwon S. Pivotal Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018; 19(4):949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19040949</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кытикова О.Ю., Антонюк М.В., Гвозденко Т.А., Новгородцева Т.П. Метаболические аспекты взаимосвязи ожирения и бронхиальной астмы // Ожирение и метаболизм. 2018. Т.15, №4. С.9‒14. EDN: ZAQJBJ. https://doi.org/10.14341/OMET9578</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kytikova O.Yu., Antonyuk M.V., Gvozdenko T.A., Novgorodtseva T.P. [Metabolic aspects of the relationship of asthma and obesity]. Obesity and Metabolism 2018; 15(4):9‒14 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.14341/OMET9578</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кондратова И.Ю., Сенаторова А.С. Клеточный энергетический обмен у детей первого года жизни при осложненных пневмониях // Международный медицинский журнал. 2008. №4. С.36‒39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondratova I.Yu., Senatorova A.S. [Cellular energy metabolism in children of the first year of life at complicated pneumonias]. International Medical Journal (Ukr.) 2008; (4):36‒39 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christofides A., Konstantinidou E., Jani C., Boussiotis V.A. The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) in immune responses // Metabolism. 2021. Vol.114. Article number: 154338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154338</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christofides A., Konstantinidou E., Jani C., Boussiotis V.A. The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) in immune responses. Metabolism 2021; 114:154338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154338</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
