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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-40-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1054</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейтрофилы и миелопероксидаза дыхательных путей больных бронхиальной астмой при холод-индуцированном бронхоспазме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Airway neutrophils and myeloperoxidase in asthma patients with cold-induced bronchoconstriction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Борисович Пирогов, канд. мед. наук, доцент, старший на­учный сотрудник, лаборатория профилактики неспецифических за­болеваний легких</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey B. Pirogov, MD, PhD (Med.), Associate Professor, Senior Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Prophylaxis of Non-Specific Lung Diseases</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dncfpd@dncfpd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Григорьевна Приходько, д-р мед. наук, главный научный со­трудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыха­тельной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna G. Prikhodko, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Main Staff Scientist, Labo­ratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prih-anya@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлий Михайлович Перельман, член-корреспондент РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор, зам. директора по научной работе, зав. лаборато­рией функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Juliy M. Perelman, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Corresponding member of RAS, Рrofessor, Deputy Director on Scientific Work, Head of Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>86</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Перельман Ю.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Перельман Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov A.B., Prikhodko A.G., Perelman J.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1054">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1054</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Роль нейтрофильного воспаления бронхов больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) в разви­тии и реализации холодовой гиперреактивности дыхательных путей (ХГДП) недостаточно исследована.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить уровень нейтрофилов и активность миелопероксидазы (МПО) в бронхах больных БА при холод-индуцированном бронхоспазме.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. У 138 больных БА среднетяжелого и легкого течения с ХГДП изучали уровень контроля над заболеванием (АСТ), функцию внешнего дыхания (ОФВ1), исследовали мокроту до и после проведения бронхопровокационной пробы изокапнической гипервентиляции холодным воздухом (ИГХВ). В образцах мокроты оценивали содержание нейтрофилов, эозинофилов и клеток бронхиального эпителия (структурно целостных цилиндрических реснитчатых и бокаловидных), цитохимическим методом изучали содер­жание и активность МПО в нейтрофилах.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Больные разделены на три группы: 1 группа (n=94) - па­циенты с лёгким холод-индуцированным бронхоспазмом, 2 группа (n=28) - с бронхоспазмом средней степени, 3 группа (n=16) - с тяжелым бронхоспазмом (АОФВ1=-13,5±0,3; -24,6±0,5; -36,9±1,5%, соответственно). Больные не отличались по уровню контроля над астмой (16 [12; 21]; 16 [13; 20] и 16 [12; 21] баллов АСТ, соответственно). Больные 3 группы имели более низкие значения бронхиальной проходимости по сравнению с 1 и 2 группами: ОФВ1 79,4±3,2; 92,4±1,7 (р&lt;0,01); 92,1±2,9% и СОС25-75 46,4±4,3; 66,1±2,5 (р&lt;0,001); 63,2±4,0% (р&lt;0,01). В мокроте после пробы ИГХВ во 2 и 3 группах регистрировалось увеличение количества нейтрофилов с 35,5±3,9 до 46,0±3,8% (р&lt;0,05) и с 39,0±3,8 до 52,4±4,4% (р&lt;0,05), соответственно, тогда как число нейтрофилов в 1 группе не изменялось (43,2±2,4 и 44,3±2,1%). Содержание МПО в ответ на пробу ИГХВ во всех группах достоверно по­вышалось более чем на 30% (р&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Мобилизация нейтрофилов в смешанном паттерне воспаления дыхательных путей больных БА ассоциирована с утяжелением холод-индуцированного бронхоспазма. Увеличение содержания МПО в гранулах нейтрофилов в ответ на действие холодного воздуха направлено на усиление секре­ции фермента в интерстиций, активизацию его окислительной деятельности в дыхательных путях и эскалацию оксидативного/галогенирующего стресса, сопровождающего бронхоспазм.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The role of neutrophil inflammation of the bronchi in patients with asthma in the devel­opment and manifestation of cold airway hyperresponsiveness (CAHR) has not been sufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the level of neutrophils and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the bronchi of asthma patients with cold-induced bronchospasm.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In 138 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma with CAHR, the level of asthma control (ACT), lung function (FEV1), cellular composition of sputum was examined before and after the bronchoprovo­cation test by isocapnic hyperventilation with cold air (IHCA). In sputum samples, the percentage of neutrophils, eosino­phils, and bronchial epithelial cells (structurally intact cylindrical ciliated and goblet cells) was assessed; the concentration and activity of MPO in neutrophils were studied by the cytochemical method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=94) - patients with mild cold-induced bronchospasm, group 2 (n=28) - with moderate broncho­spasm, group 3 (n=16) - with severe bronchospasm (AFEV1=- 13.5±0.3, -24.6±0.5, -36.9±1.5%, respectively). Patients did not differ in the level of asthma control (16 [12; 21]; 16 [13; 20] and 16 [12; 21] ACT points, respectively). Patients of the third group had lower values of bronchial patency in comparison with the first and second groups: FEV1 79.4±3.2; 92.4±1.7 (p&lt;0.01); 92.1±2.9% and FEF25-75 46.4±4.3; 66.1±2.5 (p&lt;0.001); 63.2±4.0% (p&lt;0.01). In sputum after the IHCA test in groups 2 and 3, an increase in the number of neutrophils was recorded from 35.5±3.9 to 46.0±3.8% (p&lt;0.05) and from 39.0±3.8 to 52, 4±4.4% (p&lt;0.05), respectively, while the number of neutrophils in group 1 did not change (43.2±2.4 and 44.3±2.1%). The concentration of MPO in response to the IHCA test in all groups significantly increased by more than 30% (p&lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The mobilization of neutrophils in a mixed pattern of airway inflammation in asthma pa­tients is associated with worsening of cold-induced bronchospasm. An increase in the content of MPO in neutrophil gran­ules in response to the action of cold air is aimed at enhancing the secretion of the enzyme in the interstitium, activating its oxidative activity in the respiratory tract, and escalating the oxidative/halogenating stress that accompanies broncho­spasm.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>холодовая гиперреактивность дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы</kwd><kwd>гранулоцитарный паттерн воспаления бронхов</kwd><kwd>миелопероксидаза</kwd><kwd>холод-индуцированный бронхоспазм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>cold airway hyperresponsiveness</kwd><kwd>neutrophils</kwd><kwd>granulocytic pattern of bronchial inflammation</kwd><kwd>myeloperoxidase</kwd><kwd>cold-induced bronchospasm</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько А.Г., Перельман Ю.М., Колосов В.П. 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