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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-102-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1062</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIENCE EXCHANGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кисты и кистоподобные образования средостения: клинико-рентгенологические проявления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cysts and cyst-like formations of the mediastum: clinical and radiological manifestations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леншин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lenshin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Васильевич Леншин, д-р мед. наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории функциональных методов исследо­вания дыхательной системы, врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoliy V. Lenshin, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Professor, Roentgenologist, Leading Staff Scientist of Laboratory of Functional Research of Respira­tory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lenshin42@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлий Михайлович Перельман, член-корреспондент РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор, зам. директора по научной работе, зав. лаборато­рией функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Juliy M. Perelman, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Corresponding member of RAS, Professor, Deputy Director on Scientific Work, Head of Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Il'in</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Валерьевич Ильин, канд. мед. наук, зав. отделением луче­вой диагностики, врач-рентгенолог</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Il'in, MD, PhD (Med.), Roentgenologist, Head of Department of X-Ray Diagnostics</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alero82@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Побережский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poberezhskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Валерьевич Побережский, врач-рентгенолог, главный врач</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Октябрьская, 110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Poberezhskiy, MD, Roentgenologist, Chief Medical Officer</p><p>110 Oktyabr'skaya Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">onko2@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатьева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignat'eva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Игнатьева, врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики, аспирант лаборатории функциональных мето­дов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Ignat'eva, MD, Roentgenologist of Department of X-Ray Dia­gnostics, Postgraduate Student of the Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ignatye-valena6618@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крайнов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kraynov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Крайнов, врач-рентгенолог, отделение луче­вой диагностики</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Kraynov, MD, Roentgenologist of Department of X-Ray Dia­gnostics </p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dncfpd@dncfpd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Амурской области «Амурский областной онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Amur Regional Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>86</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Леншин А.В., Перельман Ю.М., Ильин А.В., Побережский А.В., Игнатьева Е.А., Крайнов С.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Леншин А.В., Перельман Ю.М., Ильин А.В., Побережский А.В., Игнатьева Е.А., Крайнов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lenshin A.V., Perelman J.M., Il'in A.V., Poberezhskiy A.V., Ignat'eva E.A., Kraynov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1062">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1062</self-uri><abstract><p>Кистозные образования средостения представляют собой хорошо очерченные, чаще круглые об­разования, которые содержат жидкость и выстланы эпителием. К основным кистозным образованиям относятся врожденные доброкачественные кисты (бронхогенные, дублирующие пищевод, нейроэнтеральные, перикарди­альные и тимические кисты), менингоцеле, зрелые кистозные тератомы и лимфангиомы. Многие опухоли (напри­мер, тимомы, болезнь Ходжкина, опухоли зародышевых клеток, карциномы средостения, метастазы в лимфатические узлы, опухоли нервных корешков) могут подвергаться кистозной дегенерации, особенно после лучевой терапии или химиотерапии и демонстрировать смешанные солидные и кистозные элементы при компью­терной томографии (КТ) или магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), а также приобретать структуру полостных образований при формировании распада опухоли. Если дегенерация обширна, такие опухоли могут быть практи­чески неотличимы от врожденных кист. Однако, история болезни, визуализация анатомического расположения образования, некоторые детали, видимые при КТ или МРТ, позволяют во многих случаях поставить правильный диагноз. Знакомство с рентгенологическими особенностями кистозных образований средостения облегчает точную диагностику, дифференциацию от других кистообразных поражений и, таким образом, обеспечивает оптимальное лечение пациента.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>. Mediastinal cystic formations are well-shaped, often round formations that contain fluid and are lined with epithelium. The main cystic formations include congenital benign cysts (bronchogenic, duplicating the esophagus, neuroenteric, pericardial and thymic cysts), meningocele, mature cystic teratomas and lymphangiomas. Many tumors (e.g., thymomas, Hodgkin's disease, germ cell tumors, mediastinal carcinomas, lymph node metastases, nerve root tumors) may undergo cystic degeneration, especially after radiation or chemotherapy, and show mixed solid and cystic elements on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as acquire the structure of cavity formations during the tumor destruction. If the degeneration is extensive, such tumors may be virtually indistinguishable from con­genital cysts. However, the history of the disease, visualization of the anatomical location of the formation, some details visible on CT or MRI, allow in many cases to make the correct diagnosis. Familiarity with the radiographic features of mediastinal cystic lesions facilitates accurate diagnosis, differentiation from other cystic lesions, and thus ensures optimal treatment of a patienta.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кистозные и кистоподобные образования средостения</kwd><kwd>мультиспиральная компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>постпроцессинговая обработка изображений</kwd><kwd>мультипланарная реконструкция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cystic and cyst-like formations of the mediastinum</kwd><kwd>multispiral computed tomography</kwd><kwd>post-processing image processing</kwd><kwd>multiplanar reconstruction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пищик В.Г. Новообразования средостения: принципы дифференциальной диагностики и хирургического лечения: автореф. дис. ... д-ра мед. наук. 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