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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2023-87-42-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1073</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль макрофагов, миелопероксидазы, интерлейкинов IL-12, IL-13 при формировании реакции бронхов на гиперосмолярный стимул у больных бронхиальной астмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of macrophages, myeloperoxidase, interleukins IL-12, IL-13 in the formation of bronchial response to hyperosmolar stimulus in patients with bronchial asthma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Борисович Пирогов 0 кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория профилактики неспецифических заболеваний легких.</p><p>675000, Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey B. Pirogov - MD, PhD (Med.), Associate Professor, Senior Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Prophylaxis of Non-Specific Lung Diseases.</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dncfpd@dncfpd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Григорьевна Приходько - доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы.</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аnnа G. Prikhodko - MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Main Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System.</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prih-anya@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>87</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov A.B., Prikhodko A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1073">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1073</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Участие макрофагов в реализации оксидативного / галогенирующего стресса и роль макрофагальных популяций в поддержании баланса Тh1/Тh2 цитокинов у больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) с осмотическими видами гиперреактивности бронхов недостаточно исследованы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить роль макрофагов, миелопероксидазы (МПО), IL-12, IL-13 при формировании реакции бронхов на воздействие гиперосмолярного триггера у больных БА.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объект исследования ‒ больные БА (n=35). Оценивали уровень контроля над болезнью (Аsthma Control Test, баллы), клеточный состав (%) и МПО (пиксель) индуцированной мокроты (ИМ), реакцию бронхов (ΔОФВ1ИГР, %) после 3-минутной ультразвуковой ингаляции гипертонического (4,5% NaCl) раствора (ИГР). До и после пробы ИГР осуществляли сбор конденсата выдыхаемого воздуха, в котором определяли концентрацию IL-12, IL-12 (пг/мл).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Больные БА не контролировали заболевание, АСТ составил 14 (11; 16,5) баллов. В 1 группу (n=15) вошли лица с бронхиальной гиперреактивностью на пробу ИГР, во 2 группу (n=20) – больные с отсутствием таковой (ΔОФВ1ИГР -19,8±1,9 и -1,43±0,72%, соответственно, р&lt;0,001). Базовый ОФВ1 в 1 и 2 группах составил 89,5±2,8 и 93,7±2,3%, соответственно (р&gt;0,05). Процентное содержание макрофагов мокроты в 1 группе было более низким (40 [15,95; 50,75]), а показатели среднего цитохимического коэффициента в фагоцитах – более высокими (141,4±9,7), чем во 2 группе (50 [42,5; 63,6]; р=0,039 и 98,8±12,3; р=0,013, соответственно). В инициации воспаления и гиперреактивности дыхательных путей (ДП) к гиперосмолярному стимулу экспрессия IL-12 оценивалась как более значимая по сравнению с экспрессией IL-13.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Более низкое содержание макрофагов в бронхах больных БА с гиперреактивностью ДП на гиперосмолярный стимул вероятнее всего обусловлено усилением секреторной функции клеток. Высокий уровень активности МПО у этих больных зависел от пероксидазной функции секретирующих макрофагов, связан с М1 поляризацией макрофагов, свидетельствовал о Тh1 иммунном ответе, ассоциированным с участием IL-12 в регуляции гиперреактивности ДП на гипертонический триггер.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The involvement of macrophages in the realization of oxidative / halogenating stress andthe role of macrophage populations in maintaining the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines in patients with asthma with osmotic types of bronchial hyperresponsiveness has not been sufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the role of macrophages, myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-12, IL-13 in the formation of the bronchial response to the hyperosmolar trigger in patients with asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The object of the study was asthma patients (n=35). The level of asthma control (Asthma Control Test, points), cellular composition (%) and MPO (pixel) of induced sputum (IS), bronchial response (ΔFEV1IHS, %) after 3-minute ultrasonic inhalation of hypertonic (4.5% NaCl) solution (IHS) were assessed. Before and after the IHS test, exhaled air condensate was collected, in which the concentration of IL-12, IL-12 (pg/mL) was determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Patients with asthma did not control the disease, ACT was 14 (11; 16.5) points. Group 1 (n=15) included individuals with bronchial hyperresponsiveness to the IHS, group 2 (n=20) included patients with lack of it (ΔFEV1IHS -19.8±1.9 and 1.43±0.72%, respectively, p&lt;0.001). Baseline FEV1 in groups 1 and 2 was 89.5±2.8 and 93.7±2.3%, respectively (p&gt;0.05). The percentage of sputum macrophages in group 1 was lower (40 [15.95; 50.75]%), and the average cytochemical coefficient in phagocytes was higher (141.4±9.7) than in group 2 (50 [42.5; 63.6]; p=0.039 and 98.8±12.3; p=0.013, respectively). IL-12 expression was to be more significant than IL-13 expression in the initiation of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness to hyperosmolar stimulus.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The lower concentration of macrophages in the bronchi of asthma patients with airway hyperresponsiveness to hyperosmolar stimulus is most likely due to an increase in the secretory function of cells. A high level of MPO activity in these patients depended on the peroxidase function of secreting macrophages, was associated with M1 polarization of macrophages, and indicated a Th1 immune response associated with the participation of IL-12 in the regulation of airway hyperresponsiveness to a hypertonic trigger.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>гиперреактивность дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>бронхопровокация</kwd><kwd>гипертонический раствор</kwd><kwd>индуцированная мокрота</kwd><kwd>М1 и М2 макрофаги</kwd><kwd>миелопероксидаза фагоцитов</kwd><kwd>цитокины IL-12 и IL-13</kwd><kwd>Тh1 и Тh2 иммунный ответ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>airway hyperresponsiveness</kwd><kwd>bronchial provocation</kwd><kwd>hypertonic solution</kwd><kwd>induced sputum</kwd><kwd>M1 and M2 macrophages</kwd><kwd>phagocyte myeloperoxidase</kwd><kwd>cytokines IL-12 and IL-13</kwd><kwd>Th1 and Th2 immune response</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лямина С.В., Шимшелашвили Ш.Л., Калиш С.В., Малышева Е.В., Ларионов Н.П., Малышев И.Ю. 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