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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2024-92-18-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1165</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-клеточные реакции дыхательных путей на холодовой стимул при неаллергической бронхиальной астме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular cellular reactions of the respiratory tract to cold stimulus in non-allergic bronchial asthma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Борисович Пирогов, канд. мед. наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey B. Pirogov, MD, PhD (Med.), Associate Professor, Senior Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 67500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dncfpd@dncfpd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Григорьевна Приходько, д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аnnа G. Prikhodko, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Main Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 67500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prih-anya@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Алексеевна Пирогова, канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ya A. Pirogova, PhD (Med.), Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 67500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dncfpd@dncfpd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлий Михайлович Перельман, член-корреспондент РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор, зам. директора по научной работе, зав. лабораторией функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Juliy M. Perelman, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Corresponding Member of RAS, Professor, Deputy Director on Scientific Work, Head of Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 67500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>92</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Пирогова Н.А., Перельман Ю.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов А.Б., Приходько А.Г., Пирогова Н.А., Перельман Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov A.B., Prikhodko A.G., Pirogova N.A., Perelman J.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1165">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1165</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Макрофаги, матриксная металлопротеиназа-9 (MMP-9) и фактор некроза опухоли-альфа (TNF-α) вносят значимый вклад в патофизиологические механизмы развития и течения бронхиальной астмы (БА).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить роль макрофагов и MMP-9, регулируемых сигналами TNF-α, в формировании реакции дыхательных путей больных неаллергической бронхиальной астмой на гипервентиляцию холодным воздухом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. У 66 больных БА проводили измерение спирометрических показателей форсированного выдоха, оценивали клеточный состав мокроты, содержание MMP-9, тканевого ингибитора металлопротеиназ-1, TNF-α в конденсате выдыхаемого воздуха (КВВ) до и после проведения бронхопровокационной пробы с изокапнической гипервентиляцией холодным (-20°С) воздухом (ИГХВ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сформированы 2 группы пациентов с наличием (1 группа) или отсутствием (2 группа) холодовой гиперреактивности дыхательных путей. После пробы ИГХВ регистрировалось высокое содержание макрофагов, нейтрофилов и значимое снижение числа эпителиоцитов в мокроте. Концентрации TNF-α и ММР-9 в КВВ после ИГХВ снижались в большей степени у больных 2 группы. Содержание эпителиоцитов в мокроте коррелировало с МОС50 (r=-0,49, р=0,03), МОС75 (r=-0,45, р=0,047) и СОС25-75 (r=-0,47, р=0,038), а их содержание после пробы ИГХВ – с ΔСОС25-75 (Rs=0,31; р=0,018). Найдена связь между исходным содержанием ММР-9 в КВВ и СОС25-75 (Rs=-0,59; р=0,042), а также между уровнем ММР-9 после ИГХВ и выраженностью бронхоспазма (ΔСОС25-75) в ответ на пробу ИГХВ (Rs=-0,67; р=0,023).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У больных с холодовой гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей неконтролируемое течение БА и более значимые нарушения проходимости бронхов ассоциированы с продуктивно-пролиферативным воспалением, связанным с участием макрофагов, MMP-9 и TNF-α, что способствует ремоделированию бронхов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Macrophages, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) make a significant contribution to the pathophysiological mechanisms of development and course of bronchial asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the role of macrophages and MMP-9 regulated by TNF-α signaling in the formation of airway response of non-allergic bronchial asthma patients to cold air hyperventilation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Spirometric indices of forced expiratory flow, cellular composition of sputum, MMP-9 and TNF-α content in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) were measured in 66 patients with asthma before and after bronchoprovocation test with isocapnic hyperventilation with cold (-20°C) air (IHCA) were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Two groups of patients with presence (group 1) or absence (group 2) of cold airway hyperresponsiveness were formed. High macrophage and neutrophil counts and a significant decrease in the number of epithelial cells in sputum were recorded after the IHCA. Concentrations of TNF-α and MMP-9 in EBC after IHCA decreased to a greater extent in patients of group 2. The content of epitheliocytes in sputum was correlated with FEF50 (r=-0.49, p=0.03), FEF75 (r=-0.45, p=0.047) and MEF25-75 (r=-0.47, p=0.038), and their content after IHCA test with ΔMEF25-75 (Rs=0.31; p=0.018). We found a correlation between baseline MMP-9 content in EBC and ΔMEF25-75 (Rs=-0.59; p=0.042), as well as between MMP-9 level after IHCA and severity of bronchospasm (ΔMEF25-75) in response to IHCA test (Rs=-0.67; p=0.023).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In patients with cold airway hyperresponsiveness, uncontrolled course of asthma and more significant bronchial patency disorders are associated with productive-proliferative inflammation involving macrophages, MMP-9 and TNF-α, which contributes to bronchial remodeling.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма неаллергического фенотипа</kwd><kwd>холодовая гиперреактивность дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>матриксная металлопротеиназа-9</kwd><kwd>фактор некроза опухоли-альфа</kwd><kwd>холод-индуцированный бронхоспазм</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование бронхов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-allergic bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>cold airway hyperresponsiveness</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>matrix metalloproteinase9</kwd><kwd>tumor necrosis factor-alpha</kwd><kwd>cold-induced bronchospasm</kwd><kwd>bronchial remodeling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько А.Г., Пирогов А.Б., Перельман Ю.М. 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