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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2025-95-8-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1229</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ экспрессии рецепторов горького вкуса TAS2R в назальном эпителии больных бронхиальной астмой методом секвенирования нового поколения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of TAS2R bitter taste receptors expression in the nasal epithelium of asthma patients by nextgeneration sequencing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Евгеньевич Наумов, канд. мед. наук, зав. лабораторией, лаборатория молекулярных и трансляционных исследований</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis E. Naumov, MD, PhD (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Research</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denn1985@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гассан</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gassan</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дина Анатольевна Гассан, канд. мед. наук, зав. лабораторией, лаборатория вирус-ассоциированных патологии развития</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dina A. Gassan, MD, PhD (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Virus-Associated Developmental Pathology</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danishi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся Олеговна Котова, канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория вирус-ассоциированных патологии развития</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya O. Kotova, MD, PhD (Med.), Senior Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Virus-Associated Developmental Pathology</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">foxy_voxy_on@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелудько</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheludko</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Григорьевна Шелудько, канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория молекулярных и трансляционных исследований</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta G. Sheludko, MD, PhD (Med.), Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Research</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liza.sheludko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьева</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanas’eva</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Юрьевна Афанасьева, канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория молекулярных и трансляционных исследований</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya Yu. Afanas’eva, MD, PhD (Med.), Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Research</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniyananev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konev</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Викторович Конев, младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория вирус-ассоциированных патологии развития</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Konev, Junior Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Virus-Associated Developmental Pathology</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrkonev@vk.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перельман</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelman</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлий Михайлович Перельман, д-р мед. наук, профессор, членкорреспондент РАН, зам. директора по научной работе, зав. лабораторией, лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Juliy M. Perelman, MD, PhD (Med.), DSc (Med.), Corresponding Member of RAS, Deputy Director on Scientific Work, Head of Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jperelman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>95</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Наумов Д.Е., Гассан Д.А., Котова О.О., Шелудько Е.Г., Афанасьева Е.Ю., Конев А.В., Перельман Ю.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумов Д.Е., Гассан Д.А., Котова О.О., Шелудько Е.Г., Афанасьева Е.Ю., Конев А.В., Перельман Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumov D.E., Gassan D.A., Kotova O.O., Sheludko E.G., Afanas’eva E.Y., Konev А.V., Perelman J.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1229">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1229</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рецепторы горького вкуса (TAS2R) – семейство рецепторов, состоящее из 25 представителей, экспрессированных в различных органах и тканях организма. Несмотря на высокий потенциал агонистов TAS2R как лекарственных препаратов для лечения бронхиальной астмы (БА), работы, характеризующие экспрессию данных рецепторов при БА единичны.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести сравнительную характеристику полного спектра генов TAS2R, экспрессируемых в назальном эпителии здоровых лиц и больных БА, а также определить TAS2R, ассоциированные с особенностями течения заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 23 больных БА (средний возраст 41,4 ± 3,15 лет) различной степени тяжести и 8 условно здоровых добровольцев (средний возраст 38,4 ± 1,67 лет). Клетки для анализа получали методом браш-биопсии из нижней носовой раковины. Экспрессию мРНК анализировали методом секвенирования нового поколения (NGS) на секвенаторе MGISEQ-200. Показатели вентиляционной функции легких определяли с помощью спирометрии. Контроль БА оценивали с помощью вопросника Asthma Control Test (ACT).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди больных БА в 100% образцов определялась экспрессия TAS2R4, TAS2R5 и TAS2R20, другие наиболее часто экспрессируемые гены включали TAS2R38, TAS2R14, TAS2R19 и TAS2R31. В контрольной группе стабильно определялся только TAS2R20, реже, но более чем в половине образцов, были экспрессированы TAS2R4, TAS2R5, TAS2R14, TAS2R10 и TAS2R38. Экспрессия TAS2R9, TAS2R16 и TAS2R43 не была обнаружена ни в одном из образцов больных БА и контрольной группы. TAS2R20 был экспрессирован в 1,6 раз выше у больных БА, по сравнению с контрольной группой (FDR p = 0,07), и обратно коррелировал с контролем заболевания (ρ = -0,74, FDR p = 0,001). Экспрессия генов TAS2R4 и TAS2R5 была обратно взаимосвязана с проходимостью дыхательных путей, особенно с МОС50 (FDR p = 0,04) и СОС25-75 (FDR p = 0,01).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Рецепторы TAS2R4, TAS2R5 и TAS2R20, отличающиеся наиболее стабильной и высокой экспрессией мРНК в назальном эпителии больных БА, представляют наибольший интерес для дальнейшего изучения. Экспрессия TAS2R20 ассоциирована с БА и возрастает по мере снижения ее контроля, а TAS2R4 и TAS2R5 в большей степени подвержены апрегуляции у лиц с более выраженной бронхиальной обструкцией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Bitter taste receptors (TAS2R) are a family of receptors consisting of 25 members expressed in various organs and tissues of the body. Despite the high potential of TAS2R agonists as therapeutic agents for the treatment of asthma, there are only a few studies describing the expression of these receptors in asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the full spectrum of TAS2R genes expressed in the nasal epithelium of healthy individuals and patients with asthma, as well as to identify TAS2R associated with the disease characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 23 patients with asthma (mean age 41.4 ± 3.15 years), predominantly of moderate severity, and 8 healthy volunteers (mean age 38.4 ± 1.67 years). Cells for analysis were obtained via brush biopsy from the inferior nasal turbinate. mRNA expression was analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) on MGISEQ-200 sequencer. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry. Asthma control was evaluated using the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among the patients with asthma, expression of TAS2R4, TAS2R5 and TAS2R20 was detected in 100% of the samples; other highly expressed genes included TAS2R38, TAS2R14, TAS2R19 and TAS2R31. In the control group, only TAS2R20 was consistently detected, while TAS2R4, TAS2R5, TAS2R14, TAS2R10 and TAS2R38 were expressed less frequently but at least in half of the samples. Expression of TAS2R9, TAS2R16 and TAS2R43 was completely absent both in asthma and control samples. TAS2R20 was expressed 1.6-fold higher in patients with asthma compared to the control group (FDR p=0.07), and inversely correlated with disease control (ρ = -0.74, FDR p = 0.001). Expression of TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 was inversely correlated with airway patency, particularly with FEF50 (FDR p = 0.04) and MEF25-75 (FDR p = 0.01).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. TAS2R4, TAS2R5, and TAS2R20 receptors, which show the most stable and high mRNA expression in the nasal epithelium of patients with asthma, are of the greatest interest for further study. Expression of TAS2R20 is associated with asthma and increases as the disease control decreases, while TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 undergo upregulation in individuals with more pronounced bronchial obstruction. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рецепторы горького вкуса</kwd><kwd>TAS2R</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>экспрессия</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная обструкция</kwd><kwd>контроль</kwd><kwd>назальный эпителий</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>expression</kwd><kwd>bitter taste receptors</kwd><kwd>TAS2R</kwd><kwd>bronchial obstruction</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd><kwd>airway epitelium</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект №23-15-00372</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project №23-15-00372)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Talmon M., Pollastro F., Fresu L.G. 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