cfpdБюллетень физиологии и патологии дыханияBulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration1998-5029Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания10.36604/1998-5029-2025-96-154-163cfpd-1264Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВлияние электронных сигарет на печень (обзор литературы)Effects of electronic cigarettes on the liver (literature review)АндросоваО. Г.AndrosovaO. G.

Ольга Геннадьевна Андросова, канд. мед. наук, доцент

кафедра физиологии и патофизиологии

675000; ул. Горького, 95; Благовещенск

Olga G. Androsova, PhD (Med.), Associate Professor

Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology

675000; 95 Gor'kogo Str.; Blagoveshchensk

shiza_2025@mail.ruАллазовД. Р.AllazovD. R.

Дмитрий Русланович Аллазов, студент 3 курса

лечебный факультет

675000; ул. Горького, 95; Благовещенск

Dmitriy R. Allazov, 3rd year Student

Medical Faculty

675000; 95 Gor'kogo Str.; Blagoveshchensk

alldrus@mail.ruЗининМ. С.ZininM. S.

Максим Сергеевич Зинин, студент 3 курса

лечебный факультет

675000; ул. Горького, 95; Благовещенск

Maxim S. Zinin, 3rd year Student

Medical Faculty

675000; 95 Gor'kogo Str.; Blagoveshchensk

zinin2025@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Амурская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияAmur State Medical AcademyRussian Federation202524062025096154163Copyright © Андросова О.Г., Аллазов Д.Р., Зинин М.С., 20252025Андросова О.Г., Аллазов Д.Р., Зинин М.С.Androsova O.G., Allazov D.R., Zinin M.S.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1264

   В настоящее время активно изучается влияние электронных сигарет на здоровье человека. Печень является жизненно важным полифункциональным органом, работа которого может нарушаться под воздействием различных токсических факторов, таких как алкоголь или курение традиционных сигарет. В этом обзоре мы рассматриваем и обобщаем данные современной научной литературы о влиянии электронных сигарет на печень, для чего нами производился поиск научных публикаций с применением библиотечных систем Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed. В обзоре обсуждаются аспекты действия на печень некоторых химических веществ, входящих в состав жидкостей для электронных сигарет, и их производных, рассматривается связь электронных сигарет с параметрами окислительного стресса, их влияние на митохондрии, уровень органоспецифических ферментов, являющихся биомаркерами повреждения печени, описываются гистопатологические изменения, обнаруживаемые в печени вследствие воздействия электронных сигарет, затрагивается вопрос о различиях между содержащими и не содержащими никотин жидкостями для электронных сигарет. Обсуждается возможная роль вейпов в развитии у человека заболеваний печени, в том числе острого неинфекционного токсического гепатита и неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. На основании имеющихся научных данных делается вывод, что электронные сигареты не являются безвредными и оказывают глубокий негативный эффект. Вместе с тем отмечается необходимость дальнейших исследований влияния электронных сигарет на печень и другие органы и системы.

   At present, the impact of electronic cigarettes on human health is being actively investigated. The liver is a vital multifunctional organ whose function can be impaired by various toxic factors such as alcohol or traditional cigarette smoking. In this review, we examine and synthesize current scientific literature on the effects of electronic cigarettes on the liver, drawing on publications retrieved through Google Scholar, Elsevier, and PubMed. The review discusses how certain chemicals found in e-cigarette liquids and their derivatives act on the liver, the relationship between e-cigarette use and oxidative-stress parameters, their influence on mitochondria, and changes in organ-specific enzymes that serve as biomarkers of liver injury. Histopathological alterations detected in liver tissue after exposure to electronic cigarettes are described, and differences between nicotine-containing and nicotine-free e-liquids are considered. The possible role of vaping in the development of liver diseases in humans including acute non-infectious toxic hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is explored. On the basis of available scientific evidence, we conclude that electronic cigarettes are not harmless and exert a significant negative effect. At the same time, further studies on the impact of electronic cigarettes on the liver and other organs and systems are warranted.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.