cfpdБюллетень физиологии и патологии дыханияBulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration1998-5029Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания10.36604/1998-5029-2026-99-134-149cfpd-1323Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSАнкириновый ионный канал и нейротрофический фактор мозга в патогенезе бронхиальной астмы: пути взаимодействийTransient receptor potential ankyrin channel and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the pathogenesis of asthma: ways of interactionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-0271КытиковаО. Ю.KytikovaO. Yu.

Оксана Юрьевна Кытикова, д-р мед. наук, научный сотрудник

лаборатория восстановительного лечения

690105; ул. Русская, 73г; Владивосток

Oxana Yu. Kytikova, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Staff Scientist

Laboratory of Rehabilitative Treatment

690105; 73g Russkaya Str.; Vladivostok

kytikova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-201XНовгородцеваТ. П.NovgorodtsevaT. P.

Татьяна Павловна Новгородцева, д-р биол. наук, профессор, зам. директора по научной работе, главный научный сотрудник

лаборатория биомедицинских исследований

690105; ул. Русская, 73г; Владивосток

Tatiana P. Novgorodtseva, PhD, DSc (Biol.), Рrofessor, Deputy Director on Scientific Work, Main Staff Scientist

Laboratory of Biomedical Research

690105; 73g Russkaya Str.; Vladivostok

nauka@niivl.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-3198АнтонюкМ. В.AntonyukM. V.

Марина Владимировна Антонюк, д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. лабораторией

лаборатория восстановительного лечения

690105; ул. Русская, 73г; Владивосток

Marina V. Antonyuk, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Рrofessor, Head of Laboratory

Laboratory of Rehabilitative Treatment

690105; 73g Russkaya Str.; Vladivostok

antonyukm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6413-9840ГвозденкоТ. А.GvozdenkoT. A.

Татьяна Александровна Гвозденко, д-р мед. наук, профессор РАН,главный научный сотрудник, директор

лаборатория восстановительного лечения

690105; ул. Русская, 73г; Владивосток

Tatiana A. Gvozdenko, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Professor of RAS, Main Staff Scientist, Director

Laboratory of Rehabilitative Treatment

690105; 73g Russkaya Str.; Vladivostok

vfdnz@mail.ruВладивостокский филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии и восстановительного леченияVladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment202630032026099134149Copyright © Кытикова О.Ю., Новгородцева Т.П., Антонюк М.В., Гвозденко Т.А., 20262026Кытикова О.Ю., Новгородцева Т.П., Антонюк М.В., Гвозденко Т.А.Kytikova O.Y., Novgorodtseva T.P., Antonyuk M.V., Gvozdenko T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1323

   Сложность патогенеза бронхиальной астмы (БА) обусловлена влиянием факторов окружающей среды, генетических и эпигенетических факторов, взаимодействующих между собой и способствующих развитию и обострениям данной патологии. БА имеет нейрогенный компонент, к которому в последние годы приковано внимание исследователей. При действии холода, сигаретного дыма, аллергенов и ряда химических веществ, являющихся триггерами БА, активируется экспрессируемый в сенсорных С-волокнах легких анкириновый рецептор TRPA1 (от англ. transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1). Он запускает приток Са2+ в сенсорные нейроны и активирует каскады, ответственные за экспрессию гена нейротрофического фактора мозга (от англ. brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF). BDNF вовлечен в развитие ремоделирования дыхательных путей, усиливает иннервацию бронхов и усугубляет их гиперреактивность, в также поддерживает гиперчувствительность нейронов по механизму обратной связи. Полиморфизмы гена BDNF определяют восприимчивость к развитию БА, при этом носители полиморфизмов гена TRPА1 более чувствительны к эпигенетическим модификациям и могут иметь более сильную экспрессию BDNF в ответ на действие раздражителей. Несмотря на то, что эпигенетика TRPА1 и BDNF при БА находится в стадии изучения, эпигенетические изменения TRPА1 и BDNF достаточно хорошо описаны в неврологии, что может быть интересно в контексте их взаимовлияния при БА, учитывая роль нейроиммунного воспаления в патогенезе данного заболевания. В настоящем обзоре обсуждаются роль и взаимосвязь генетических и эпигенетических изменений, вызванных факторами окружающей среды, инициирующих развитие БА, а также место TRPА1 и BDNF в данном процессе.

   The complexity of the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA) has been caused by the influence of the environmental, genetic and epigenetic factors that interact with each other and contribute to the development and exacerbation of this pathology. In recent years researchers have focused on the neurogenic component of the BA pathogenesis. The ankyrin receptor TRPA1(the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1) is expressed in the sensory C-fibers of the lungs and activated by the cold, cigarette smoke, allergens and number of chemicals that are the triggers of BA. It triggers the influx of Ca2+ into sensory neurons and activates the cascades responsible for the expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. BDNF is involved in airway remodeling, enhances airway innervation and exacerbates airway hyperreactivity, and also maintains sensory hypersensitivity through a feedback loop. BDNF gene polymorphisms confer susceptibility to BA, with carriers of TRPA1 gene polymorphisms more sensitive to epigenetic modifications and may have strong BDNF expression in response to the stimuli. Despite the fact that the epigenetics of TRPA1 and BDNF in BA is under study, the epigenetic changes of TRPA1 and BDNF are well described in neurology, which may be interesting in the context of their interaction in BA, given the role of neuroimmune inflammation in the pathogenesis of this disease. The present review discusses the role and relationship of genetic and epigenetic changes induced by environmental factors initiating BA development, as well as role of TRPA1 and BDNF in this process.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.