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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2026-101-72-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1367</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы генов TRPV2, TRPV4, TRPM8 и их экспрессия у детей с постинфекционной гиперреактивностью дыхательных путей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Single nucleotide polymorphisms in TRPV2, TRPV4, TRPM8 genes and their expression in children with postinfectious airway hyperresponsiveness</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манукян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manukyan</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айкуш Славиковна Манукян, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория механизмов вирус-ассоциированных патологий развития</p><p>675000; ул. Калинина, 22; Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aykush S. Manukyan, Postgraduate Student, Junior Staff Scientist</p><p>Laboratory of Mechanisms of Virus-Associated Developmental Pathologies</p><p>675000;  22 Kalinina Str.; Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor_manukyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Григорьевна Приходько, д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы</p><p>675000; ул. Калинина, 22; Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аnnа G. Prikhodko, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Main Staff Scientist</p><p>Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System</p><p>675000;  22 Kalinina Str.; Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prih-anya@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>101</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Манукян А.С., Приходько А.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Манукян А.С., Приходько А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Manukyan A.S., Prikhodko A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1367">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1367</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Развитие постинфекционной гиперреактивности дыхательных путей у детей остается важной педиатрической и пульмонологической проблемой. При этом, несмотря на накопленные клинико-функциональные данные, молекулярно-генетические предикторы изучены недостаточно.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Изучить распределение частот генотипов и аллелей полиморфных локусов генов TRPV2 (rs1129235, rs3813769, rs7217735), TRPV4 (rs6606743) и TRPM8 (rs11562975) у детей с различным характером постинфекционной реактивности дыхательных путей на гипоосмолярный стимул.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Обследовано 105 детей на восстановительном этапе респираторных заболеваний в возрасте 10 [8; 12] лет. Средний рост детей составил 148,7 ± 1,5 см, масса тела – 40 [30; 53] кг, а индекс массы тела (ИМТ) – 17,4 [15,7; 20,4] кг/м2. Реакцию дыхательных путей на гипоосмолярный стимул оценивали с помощью бронхопровокационной пробы с ультразвуковой ингаляцией дистиллированной водой (ИДВ). Генотипирование полиморфных локусов генов TRPV2, TRPV4 и TRPM8 осуществляли методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в режиме реального времени в лейкоцитах периферической крови с последующим анализом кривых плавления высокого разрешения (HRM-анализ). Уровень экспрессии мРНК целевых генов в клетках назального эпителия определяли методом количественной ПЦР с обратной транскрипцией в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. По результатам бронхопровокационной пробы с ИДВ пациенты были разделены на две группы: дети с измененной реактивностью дыхательных путей в ответ на ИДВ (1 группа, n = 59) и дети без реакции на стимул (2 группа, n = 40). У пациентов 1 группы была верифицирована дисфункция на всех уровнях бронхиального дерева, затронувшая весь спектр скоростных показателей выдоха. Молекулярно-генетический анализ выявил высокозначимый протективный эффект сверхдоминантной модели наследования синонимичного локуса rs6606743 гена TRPV4. Установлено, что гетерозиготный генотип AG был ассоциирован со снижением шансов развития гипоосмолярного бронхоспазма у детей в 4 раза (ОШ = 0,25; 95 % ДИ 0,10–0,61; p = 0,002). По результатам линейного регрессионного анализа, выполненного по всей выборке детей, минорный аллель А однонуклеотидного полиморфизма rs6606743 гена TRPV4 ассоциировался со статистически значимым уменьшением степени падения ОФВ1 в ответ на ИДВ (β = +3,66 %; R2 = 0,075; p = 0,0149). По локусам генов TRPM8 и TRPV2 статистически достоверных ассоциаций с риском патологии не обнаруживалось.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Полученные результаты подтверждают вклад генетических факторов в формирование постинфекционной реактивности дыхательных путей у детей. Гетерозиготный генотип AG локуса rs6606743 гена TRPV4 служит самостоятельным протективным фактором, снижающим шансы развития гипоосмолярного бронхоспазма, а носительство минорного аллеля А ассоциировано со ступенчатым уменьшением выраженности бронхоконстрикции. Данный полиморфизм может рассматриваться как прогностический маркер течения постинфекционного периода респираторной патологии в педиатрической практике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Introduction</title><p>   Introduction. The development of postinfectious airway hyperresponsiveness in children remains a major challenge in pediatric pulmonology. Despite the accumulated clinical and functional data, molecular genetic predictors of this condition are still insufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim. To investigate the frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles of the polymorphic loci of TRPV2 (rs1129235, rs3813769, rs7217735), TRPV4 (rs6606743), and TRPM8 (rs11562975) genes in children with various patterns of post-infectious airway reactivity to a hypoosmolar stimulus.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. A total of 105 children aged 10 [8, 12] years were examined during the recovery phase of respiratory diseases. The mean height of the children was 148.7 ± 1.5 cm, body weight was 40 [30, 53] kg, and body mass index (BMI) was 17.4 [15.7, 20.4] kg/m2. Airway response to a hypoosmolar stimulus was assessed using a bronchial provocation test with ultrasonic inhalation of distilled water (IDW). Genotyping of the polymorphic loci in TRPV2, TRPV4, and TRPM8 genes was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in peripheral blood leukocytes, followed by high-resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis. The mRNA expression levels of target genes in nasal epithelial cells were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) in real-time.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. Based on the results of the bronchial provocation test with IDW, the patients were divided into two groups: children with altered responsiveness to IDW (Group 1, n = 59) and children with no reaction to the stimulus (Group 2, n = 40). In Group 1 patients, airway dysfunction was verified at all levels of the bronchial tree, affecting the entire spectrum of expiratory flow parameters. Molecular genetic analysis revealed a highly significant protective effect of the overdominant inheritance model for the synonymous locus rs6606743 of the TRPV4 gene. It was established that the heterozygous AG genotype was associated with a 4-fold reduction in the odds of developing hypoosmolar bronchospasm in children (OR = 0.25; 95 % CI: 0.10–0.61; p = 0.002). According to the linear regression analysis performed on the entire cohort, the minor A allele of the rs6606743 SNP in the TRPV4 gene was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the degree of FEV1 decline in response to IDW (β = +3.66 %, R2 = 0.075, p = 0.0149). No statistically significant associations with the risk of pathology were found for the loci of the TRPM8 and TRPV2 genes.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The data obtained confirm the contribution of genetic factors to the formation of post-infectious airway reactivity in children. The heterozygous AG genotype of the rs6606743 locus in the TRPV4 gene serves as an independent protective factor that reduces the odds of developing hypoosmolar bronchospasm, whereas the carriage of the minor A allele is associated with a stepwise decrease in the severity of bronchoconstriction. This polymorphism can be considered a prognostic marker for assessing the course of the post-infectious period of respiratory pathology in pediatric practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постинфекционная измененная реактивность</kwd><kwd>дыхательные пути</kwd><kwd>ингаляция дистиллированной водой</kwd><kwd>спирометрия</kwd><kwd>парадоксальная бронходилатация</kwd><kwd>ионные каналы</kwd><kwd>TRP</kwd><kwd>TRPV4</kwd><kwd>rs6606743</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>экспрессия мРНК</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-infectious altered responsiveness</kwd><kwd>airways</kwd><kwd>distilled water inhalation</kwd><kwd>spirometry</kwd><kwd>paradoxical bronchodilation</kwd><kwd>ion channels</kwd><kwd>TRP</kwd><kwd>TRPV4</kwd><kwd>rs6606743</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>mRNA expression</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания (№ 124101100335-3)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out under the State Assignment (No. 124101100335-3)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu L., Mei C., Zhang C., Li J., Tian D. 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