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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2026-101-94-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние ИЛ-4 на экспрессию рецепторов горького вкуса TAS2R в моноцитах и лимфоцитах периферической крови человека in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of IL-4 on the expression of TAS2R bitter taste receptors in human peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Викторович Конев, аспирант</p><p>675000; ул. Калинина, 22; Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Konev, Postgraduate Student</p><p>675000; 22 Kalinina Str.; Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrkonev@vk.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>101</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Конев А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1369">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1369</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Интерлейкин-4 (ИЛ-4) является одним из ключевых медиаторов Th2-воспаления при бронхиальной астме и способен глубоко перестраивать рецепторный профиль моноцитов. Вместе с тем данные о воздействии ИЛ-4 на экспрессию рецепторов горького вкуса семейства (TAS2R) в циркулирующих иммунных клетках в настоящее время отсутствуют.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Охарактеризовать влияние рекомбинантного ИЛ-4 на белковую экспрессию TAS2R4, TAS2R5, TAS2R14, TAS2R20, TAS2R31 и TAS2R38 в субпопуляциях моноцитов и лимфоцитов периферической крови здоровых доноров в условиях in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на мононуклеарах периферической крови 10 здоровых добровольцев. Клетки инкубировали в течение 24 часов с рекомбинантным ИЛ-4 в концентрациях 0,1, 1 и 10 нг/мл. Экспрессию TAS2R оценивали методом проточной цитометрии с анализом доли TAS2R-положительных клеток и нормализованной медианной интенсивности флуоресценции (nMFI). Для статистической обработки применяли критерий Пейджа и критерий Вилкоксона для связанных выборок.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. В контрольных условиях все шесть исследованных рецепторов определялись как в моноцитах, так и в лимфоцитах, однако их базальная экспрессия была существенно выше в моноцитах. ИЛ-4 оказывал выраженное дозозависимое ингибирующее влияние на экспрессию TAS2R преимущественно в моноцитах. Монотонный нисходящий тренд был выявлен для TAS2R4, TAS2R5, TAS2R14 и TAS2R38, тогда как для TAS2R31 значимых изменений не отмечалось. Наиболее выраженное снижение nMFI в моноцитах наблюдалось для TAS2R38, TAS2R14 и TAS2R5. Для TAS2R20 был характерен двухфазный ответ: увеличение доли моноцитов, экспрессирующих TAS2R20, при минимальной дозе ИЛ-4 сочеталось со снижением nMFI при дозе 10 нг/мл. В лимфоцитах влияние ИЛ-4 было значительно менее выраженным; несмотря на наличие отдельных статистических трендов, биологически значимых изменений экспрессии TAS2R не выявлялось.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. В ходе пилотного in vitro эксперимента выявлено монотонное снижение уровня экспрессии TAS2R в моноцитах периферической крови под действием ИЛ-4. Полученные данные расширяют представления о субпопуляционно- и рецептор-специфическом влиянии Th2-цитокиновой среды на TAS2R-зависимую иммунорегуляцию и позволяют рассматривать ИЛ-4 в качестве потенциального фактора, снижающего хемосенсорную и антимикробную готовность миелоидных клеток у пациентов с бронхиальной астмой.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Introduction</title><p>   Introduction. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a key mediator of Th2 inflammation in asthma and is capable of profoundly altering the receptor profile of monocytes. However, data on the effect of IL-4 on the expression of the bitter taste receptor family (TAS2R) in circulating immune cells are currently lacking.</p></sec><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim. To characterize the effect of recombinant IL-4 at physiologically and pathophysiologically relevant concentrations on the protein expression of TAS2R4, TAS2R5, TAS2R14, TAS2R20, TAS2R31, and TAS2R38 in subsets of monocytes and lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of healthy donors in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. The study was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 10 healthy volunteers. The cells were incubated for 24 hours with recombinant IL-4 at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 ng/ml. TAS2R expression was assessed by flow cytometry on a FACSCanto II with analysis of the proportion of TAS2R-positive cells and normalized median fluorescence intensity (nMFI). Page's test and Wilcoxon's test for related samples were used for statistical processing.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. Under control conditions, all six studied receptors were detected in both monocytes and lymphocytes; however, their basal expression was significantly higher in monocytes. IL-4 exerted a pronounced dose-dependent inhibitory effect on TAS2R expression predominantly in monocytes. A monotonic downward trend was found for TAS2R4, TAS2R5, TAS2R14, and TAS2R38, while no significant changes were observed for TAS2R31. The most pronounced decrease in nMFI in monocytes was observed for TAS2R38, TAS2R14, and TAS2R5. TAS2R20 exhibited a biphasic response: an increase in the proportion of monocytes expressing TAS2R20 at the minimum dose of IL-4 was combined with a decrease in nMFI at 10 ng/ml. In lymphocytes, the effect of IL-4 was much less pronounced. Despite the presence of individual statistical trends, no biologically significant changes in TAS2R expressionwere detected.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. In a pilot in vitro experiment, IL-4 was associated with a monotonic decrease in TAS2R expression in peripheral blood monocytes, with relative stability of TAS2R31 and minimal effect in lymphocytes. These data expand our understanding of the subpopulation- and receptor-specific influence of the Th2 cytokine environment on TAS2R-dependent immunoregulation and suggest that IL-4 may be a potential factor in reducing the chemosensory and antimicrobial readiness of myeloid cells in asthma.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интерлейкин 4</kwd><kwd>TAS2R</kwd><kwd>моноциты</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>Th2-воспаление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>IL-4</kwd><kwd>TAS2R</kwd><kwd>monocytes</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>Th2 inflammation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось без участия спонсоров</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was not sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamilos D.L. 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