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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2026-101-169-179</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-1378</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушение кислородтранспортной функции крови у беременных при COVID-19 : обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impairment of blood oxygen transport function in pregnant women with COVID-19 : A literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутепова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutepova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Леонидовна Кутепова, канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория молекулярных и трансляционных исследований</p><p>675000; ул. Калинина, 22; Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olʹga L. Kutepova, PhD (Biol.), Staff Scientist</p><p>Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Research, Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</p><p>675000; 22 Kalinina Str.; Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">helga1509_84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриевская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrievskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Анатольевна Андриевская, д-р биол. наук, профессор РАН, зав. лабораторией</p><p>лаборатория механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях легких</p><p>675000; ул. Калинина, 22; Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Andrievskaya, PhD, DSc (Biol.), Professor of RAS, Head of Laboratory</p><p>Laboratory of Mechanisms of Etiopathogenesis and Recovery Processes of the Respiratory System at Non-Specific Lung Diseases</p><p>675000; 22 Kalinina Str.; Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinaandrievskaja@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Довжикова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dovzhikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Викторовна Довжикова, д-р биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях легких</p><p>675000; ул. Калинина, 22; Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna V. Dovzhikova, PhD, DSc. (Biol.), Leading Staff Scientist</p><p>Laboratory of Mechanisms of Etiopathogenesis and Recovery Processes of theRespiratory System at Non-Specific Lung Diseases</p><p>675000; 22 Kalinina Str.; Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dov_kova100@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>101</issue><fpage>169</fpage><lpage>179</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кутепова О.Л., Андриевская И.А., Довжикова И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кутепова О.Л., Андриевская И.А., Довжикова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kutepova O.L., Andrievskaya I.A., Dovzhikova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1378">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1378</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Проанализировать современные научные данные о механизмах нарушения кислородтранспортной функции крови у беременных при COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Проведены систематический поиск и анализ профильной литературы в базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar и eLibrary за период 2015–2026 гг. по ключевым словам: беременность, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, гемическая гипоксия, эритрон, гемоглобин, цитокиновый шторм, гепцидин, гипоксия-индуцируемый фактор (HIF). На основе критериев включения отобрано и детально проанализировано 47 публикаций.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. В работе научно обосновано, что гестационная перестройка – проявляющаяся физиологической гемодилюцией и возрастающей потребностью тканей в кислороде – выступает фактором, изначально лимитирующим адаптационный резерв системы оксигенации. Установлено, что ключевым фактором развития гемической гипоксии при COVID-19 является комплексное опосредованное поражение эритрона: индукция цитокинами гепцидин-ферропортинового блока (анемия воспаления), инфицирование вирусом эритроидных клеток-предшественников в костном мозге, а также мембранопатия и гемолиз зрелых эритроцитов под действием окислительного стресса. Описана роль HIF-1α как триггера замкнутого цикла «гипоксия–воспаление». Показано, что данные нарушения складываются в трехфазный каскад (гипервоспаление → гемическая гипоксия → тромбоэмболические осложнения), который манифестирует преимущественно при инфицировании в третьем триместре гестации, критически увеличивая риск тяжелых акушерских и плодных осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Нарушение кислородтранспортной функции крови при COVID-19 у беременных носит мультифакторный характер, где ведущая роль принадлежит функциональной и структурной дисфункции эритрона. Понимание молекулярных механизмов этого процесса обосновывает неэффективность стандартной изолированной ферротерапии при анемии воспаления. Это диктует необходимость разработки принципиально новых, комплексных подходов к ранней диагностике, патогенетической терапии и профилактике гемической гипоксии для снижения материнских и перинатальных потерь.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim. To analyze current scientific data on the mechanisms of impaired blood oxygen transport function in pregnant women with COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. A systematic search and pathophysiological analysis of relevant literature in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary databases for the period 2015–2026 was conducted using the keywords: pregnancy, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, hemic hypoxia, erythron, hemoglobin, cytokine storm, hepcidin, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Based on the inclusion criteria, 47 publications were selected and reviewed in detail.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. It was substantiated that gestational remodeling (physiological hemodilution and increased tissue oxygen demand) initially reduces the adaptive reserve of the oxygenation system. The key factor in the development of hemic hypoxia in COVID-19 was established to be complex, mediated damage to the erythron: cytokine-induced hepcidin-ferroportin blockade (anemia of inflammation), viral infection of erythroid precursor cells in the bone marrow, as well as membranopathy and hemolysis of mature erythrocytes driven by oxidative stress. The role of HIF-1α as a trigger of the vicious cycle of hypoxia and inflammation is described. These disturbances were shown to form a three-phase cascade (hyperinflammation → hemic hypoxia → thromboembolic complications), which manifests predominantly during infection in the third trimester of gestation, critically increasing the risk of severe obstetric and fetal complications.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. Impairment of blood oxygen transport function in pregnant women with COVID-19 is multifactorial, with the leading role belonging to functional and structural dysfunction of the erythron. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of this process substantiates the ineffectiveness of standard isolated iron therapy in anemia of inflammation. This necessitates the development of fundamentally new, comprehensive approaches to early diagnosis, pathogenetic therapy, and prevention of hemic hypoxia to reduce maternal and perinatal losses.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>кислородтранспортная функция крови</kwd><kwd>гемическая гипоксия</kwd><kwd>эритроциты</kwd><kwd>метгемоглобин</kwd><kwd>цитокиновый шторм</kwd><kwd>HIF</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>blood oxygen transport function</kwd><kwd>hemic hypoxia</kwd><kwd>erythrocytes</kwd><kwd>methemoglobin</kwd><kwd>cytokine storm</kwd><kwd>HIF</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось без участия спонсоров</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was not sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Громова О.А., Торшин И.Ю., Шаповалова Ю.О., Курцер М.А., Чучалин А.Г. 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