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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-623</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ КОНТРОЛЬ ИММУННОГО ОТВЕТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>GENETIC CONTROL OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>Анна Степановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyeva</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">a.s.solovyeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровский филиал Дальневосточного научного центра физиологии и патологии дыхания Сибирского отделения РАМН - НИИ охраны материнства и детства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khabarovsk Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration of Siberian Branch RAMS - Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood Protection</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>51</issue><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соловьева А.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соловьева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solovyeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/623">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/623</self-uri><abstract><p>В лекции дано основное понятие и структура главного комплекса гистосовместимости (МНС - major histocompatibility complex), молекулярное строение, расположение и главные функции молекул НLА-системы (human leukocyte antigen) человека, представлены основные механизмы процессирования и презентации антигенов с участием молекул НLА системы I и II классов. Изложены доводы существования полиморфизма генов системы НLА на основе генетически детерминированных различий, которые определяют высокую степень индивидуальности организма человека. Понимание механизма генетического контроля дает возможность практического применения этих знаний не только в направлении трансплантологии, но и в диагностическом определении предрасположенности к различным заболеваниям, персонифицированному подходу к лечению патологических процессов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lecture represents the general concept and structure of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a molecular structure, localization and main functions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA). It also shows the main mechanism of antigen processing and presentation involving HLA system molecules of classes I and II. The lecture outlines the arguments of existence of polymorphism of HLA system gens on the basis of genetically determined differences which define the high level of individuality of a human organism. Understanding the mechanism of genetic control allows to apply this knowledge in practice not only in the field of transplantation, but also in the field of diagnostic determination of predisposition to various diseases and a personified approach to the treatment of pathological processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммуногенетика</kwd><kwd>главный комплекс гистосовместимости</kwd><kwd>НLА-система</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>immunogenetics</kwd><kwd>major histocompatibility complex</kwd><kwd>НLА system</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочков Н.П. 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