<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2020-76-107-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-807</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль экзосом в патогенезе легочных заболеваний (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of exosomes in pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Целуйко</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tseluyko</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Семенович Целуйко – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой гистологии и биологии.</p><p>675000, Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Tseluyko - MD, PhD, D.Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department of Histology and Biology.</p><p>95 Gorkogo Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agma.agma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деревянная</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derevyannaya</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия Олеговна Деревянная - студентка 4 курса лечебного факультета.</p><p>675000, Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria O. Derevyannaya - 4th year student of Medical Faculty.</p><p>95 Gorkogo Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">derevyannaya@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Амурская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Amur State Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>76</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Целуйко С.С., Деревянная В.О., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Целуйко С.С., Деревянная В.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tseluyko S.S., Derevyannaya V.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/807">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/807</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы представлены современные данные об экзосомах - микроскопических внеклеточных везикулах диаметром 30-180 нанометров, выделяемых в межклеточное пространство клетками органов дыхания. Клетки респираторной системы организма секретируют экзосомы в межклеточное пространство в нормальном состоянии, а также при развитии заболевания. Содержание экзосом зависит от типа клеток и включает в себя мРНК, микроРНК, ДНК и сигнальные белки. Некоторые экзосомальные белки, такие как CD63, CD81, CD9, CD24 и белок теплового шока (Hsp70) являются универсальными и они обычно используются в качестве экзосо-мальных маркеров. При заболевании органов дыхания, в частности, у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких, в экзосомах значительно повышен уровень IL-1P и микроРНК (miR-15b, miR-223, miR-1274a, miR-424, mir-210). Самая распространенная микроРНК, выделенная из ткани лёгких - miR-21, повышение экспрессии которой связано с проявлением симптоматики астмы, идиопатического легочного фиброза и рака легкого. Анализ экзосом позволяет различать легочную и внелегочную формы туберкулеза на основе экзосомальных маркеров, таких как MPT64. Циркулирующие экзосомы стабильны в биологических жидкостях, поэтому анализ экзосомальных микроРНК может характеризовать состояние респираторной системы человека. Данный обзор открывает возможность использовать новые диагностические и терапевтические мишени для различных заболеваний дыхательной системы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents modern data on exosomes - microscopic extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-180 nanometers, released into the intercellular space by cells of the respiratory organs. The cells of the body’s respiratory system secrete exosomes into the intercellular space in a normal state, as well as during the development of the disease. The concentration of exosomes depends on the type of cell and includes mRNA, miRNAs, DNA and signaling proteins. Some exosomal proteins, such as CD63, CD81, CD9, CD24 and heat shock protein (Hsp70) are universal and they are usually used as exosomal markers. In respiratory diseases, in particular in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IL-1P and miRNAs such as miR-15b, miR-223, miR-1274a, miR-424, mir-210 are significantly increased; miR-21 is the most common miRNA isolated from lung tissue, increased expression of this RNA is associated with symptoms of asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Exosome analysis makes it possible to distinguish between pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis based on exosomal markers such as MPT64. Circulating exosomes are stable in biological fluids; therefore, analysis of exosomal microRNAs may indicate the state of the human respiratory system. This review opens up the possibility of using new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for various diseases of the respiratory system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзосомы</kwd><kwd>маркер</kwd><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>рак легкого</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>мРНК</kwd><kwd>микро РНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exosomes</kwd><kwd>marker</kwd><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>lung cancer</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>mRNA</kwd><kwd>microRNA</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось без участия спонсоров</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bumey P., Jithoo A., Kato B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality and prevalence: the associations with smoking and poverty a BOLD analysis // Thorax. 2014 .Vol.69, №5, P.465-473. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnI-2013-204460</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burney P., Jithoo A., Kato B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality and prevalence: the associations with smoking and poverty a BOLD analysis. Thorax 2014; 69(5):465-473. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204460</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi D.S., Kim D.K., Kim Y.K., Gho Y.S. Proteomics, transcriptomics, and lipidomics of exosomes and ectosomes // Proteomics. 2013. Vol.13, №10-11. P.1554-1571. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201200329</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi D.S., Kim D.K., Kim Y.K., Gho Y.S. Proteomics, transcriptomics, and lipidomics of exosomes and ectosomes. Proteomics 2013; 13(10-11):1554-1571. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201200329</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McVey M.J., Spring C.M., Semple J.W., Maishan M., Kuebler W.M. Microparticles as biomarkers of lung disease: enumeration in biological fluids using lipid bilayer microspheres // Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2016. Vol.310, №9. P.802-814. doi: m.1152/ajplung.00369.2015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McVey M.J., Spring C.M., Semple J.W., Maishan M., Kuebler W.M. Microparticles as biomarkers of lung disease: enumeration in biological fluids using lipid bilayer microspheres. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2016; 310(9):L802-L814. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00369.2015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ryu A., Kim D.H, Kim E., Lee M.Y. The Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Cigarette Smoke-Associated Diseases // Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2018. P.1-8. doi: 10.1155/2018/4692081</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryu A., Kim D.H, Kim E., Lee M.Y. The Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Cigarette Smoke-Associated Diseases. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2018:1-8. doi: 10.1155/2018/4692081</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pant S., Hilton H., Burczynski M. E. The multifaceted exosome: Biogenesis, role in normal and aberrant cellular function, and frontiers for pharmacological and biomarker opportunities // Biochem. Pharmacol. 2012. Vol.83, №11. P.1484-1494. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.12.037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pant S., Hilton H., Burczynski M. E. The multifaceted exosome: Biogenesis, role in normal and aberrant cellular function, and frontiers for pharmacological and biomarker opportunities. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2012; 83(11):1484-1494. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.12.037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emerging Concepts of Tumor Exosome - Mediated Cell-Cell Communication / H.-G.Zhang, ed. // New York: Springer, 2013. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3697-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang H.-G., editor. Emerging Concepts of Tumor Exosome - Mediated Cell-Cell Communication. New York: Springer; 2013. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3697-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Деревянная В.О., Целуйко С.С. Выделение и идентификация микровезикул и экзосом, выделенных из эмбриональных клеток крысы // Биологический журнал: эл. научный журнал. 2019. №3(3). doi: 10.32743/2658-6460.2019.3.3.90</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Derevyannaya V.O., Tseluyko S.S. Isolation and identification microvesicles and exosomes from embrrional rat's cell. Biologicheskiy zhurnal 2019; (3) (in Russian). doi: 10.32743/2658-6460.2019.3.3.90</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ayers L., Kohler M., Harrison P., Sargent I., Dragovic R., Schaap M., Nieuwland R., Brooks S.A., Ferry B. Measurement of circulating cell derived microparticles by flow cytometry: sources of variability within the assay // Thromb. Res. 2011. Vol.127, №4. Р.370-377. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.12.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ayers L., Kohler M., Harrison P., Sargent I., Dragovic R., Schaap M., Nieuwland R., Brooks S.A., Ferry B. Measurement of circulating cell derived microparticles by flow cytometry: sources of variability within the assay. Thromb. Res. 2011; 127(4):370-377. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.12.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cross L.J., Matthay M.A. Biomarkers in acute lung injury: insights into the pathogenesis of acute lung injury // Crit. Care Clin. 2011. Vol.27. P. 355-377. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2010.12.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cross L.J., Matthay M.A. Biomarkers in acute lung injury: insights into the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Crit. Care Clin. 2011; 27:355-377. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2010.12.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng L., Sharples R.A., Scicluna B.J., Hill A.F. Exosomes provide a protective and enriched source of miRNA for biomarker profiling compared to intracellular and cell-free blood // J. Extracell. Vesicles. 2014. Vol.3. doi: 10.3402/jev.v3.23743</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng L., Sharples R.A., Scicluna B.J., Hill A.F. Exosomes provide a protective and enriched source of miRNA for biomarker profiling compared to intracellular and cell-free blood. J. Extracell Vesicles 2014; 3. doi: 10.3402/jev.v3.23743</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alipoor S., Mortaz E., Garssen J., Movassaghi M., Mirsaeidi M., Adcock I.M. Exosomes and Exosomal miRNA in Respiratory Diseases // Mediators Inflamm. 2016. Vol.2016. Article ID 5628404. doi: 10.1155/2016/5628404</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alipoor S., Mortaz E., Garssen J., Movassaghi M., Mirsaeidi M., Adcock I.M. Exosomes and Exosomal miRNA in Respiratory Diseases. Mediators Inflamm. 2016; 2016:5628404. doi: 10.1155/2016/5628404</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silva J., Garda V., Zaballos A., Provencio M., Lomba^a L, Almonacid L., Garda J.M., Dommguez G., Pena C., Diaz R., Herrera M., Varela A., Bonilla F. Vesicle-related microRNAs in plasma of nonsmall cell lung cancer patients and correlation with survival // Eur. Respir. J. 2011. Vol.37, №3. Р.617-623. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00029610</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silva J., Garda V., Zaballos A., Provencio M., Lomba^a L, Almonacid L., Garda J.M., Dommguez G., Pena C., Diaz R., Herrera M., Varela A., Bonilla F. Vesicle-related microRNAs in plasma of nonsmall cell lung cancer patients and correlation with survival. Eur. Respir. J. 2011; 37(3):617-623. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00029610</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fevrier B., Raposo G. Exosomes. Endosomal-derived vesicles shipping extracellular messages // Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 2004. Vol.16, №4. P.415-421. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2004.06.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fevrier B., Raposo G. Exosomes. Endosomal-derived vesicles shipping extracellular messages. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 2004; 16(4):415-421. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2004.06.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусаченко О. Н., Зенкова М. А., Власов В.В. Нуклеиновые кислоты экзосом: маркеры заболеваний и молекулы межклеточной коммуникации // Биохимия. 2013. Т.78, №1. С.5-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gusachenko O.N., Zenkova M.A., Vlasov V V Nucleic acids in exosomes: Disease markers and intercellular communication molecules. Biochemistry (Moscow) 2013; 78(1): 1-7. doi: 10.1134/S000629791301001X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tickner J.A, Urquhart A.J, Stephenson S.-A, Richard D.J, O’Byrne K.J. Functions and therapeutic roles of exosomes in cancer // Front. Oncol. 2014. Vol.4. Р.127. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00127</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tickner J. A, Urquhart A. J, Stephenson S.-A, Richard D. J, O’Byrne K. J. Functions and therapeutic roles of exosomes in cancer. Front. Oncol. 2014; 4:127. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhatnagar S., Schorey J.S. Exosomes released from infected macrophages contain Mycobacterium avium glyco-peptidolipids and are proinflammatory // J. Biol. Chem. 2007. Vol.282, №35. Р.25779-25789. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M702277200</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhatnagar S., Schorey J.S. Exosomes released from infected macrophages contain Mycobacterium avium glyco-peptidolipids and are proinflammatory. J. Biol. Chem. 2007; 282(35):25779-25789. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M702277200</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anand P.K., Anand E., Bleck C.K.E., Anes E., Griffiths G. Exosomal hsp70 induces a pro-inflammatory response to foreign particles including mycobacteria // PLoS One. 2010. Vol.5, №4. e10136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010136</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anand P.K., Anand E., Bleck C.K.E., Anes E., Griffiths G. Exosomal hsp70 induces a pro-inflammatory response to foreign particles including mycobacteria. PLoS One 2010; 5(4):e10136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010136</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moon H.G., Zheng Y, An C.H., Kim Y.K., Jin Y. CCN1 secretion induced by cigarette smoking extracts augments IL-8 release from bronchial epithelial cells // PLoS One. 2013. Vol.8, №7. e68199. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068199</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moon H.G., Zheng Y, An C.H., Kim Y.K., Jin Y. CCN1 secretion induced by cigarette smoking extracts augments IL-8 release from bronchial epithelial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8(7):e68199. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068199</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnes P. J., Shapiro S.D., Pauwels R.A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellular mechanisms // Eur. Respir. J. 2003. Vol.22, №4. Р.672-688. doi: 10.1183/09031936.03.00040703</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnes P. J., Shapiro S.D., Pauwels R.A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellular mechanisms. Eur. Respir. J. 2003; 22(4):672-688. doi: 10.1183/09031936.03.00040703</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takahashi T., Kubo H. The role of microparticles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease // Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014. Vol.9. Р.303-314. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S38931</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takahashi T., Kubo H. The role of microparticles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014; 9:303-314. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S38931</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beatriz S.P., Acquierb M.F., Joveb O.L., Giugnob E., Paceb S., Livellaraa B., Legala S., Oyhamburua J., Saeza M.S. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency in COPD Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study // Arch. Bronconeumol. 2015. Vol.51, №11. Р 539-543. doi: m.m16/j.arbr.2015.09.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beatriz S.P., Acquierb M.F., Joveb O.L., Giugnob E., Paceb S., Livellaraa B., Legala S., Oyhamburua J., Saeza M.S. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency in COPD Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Arch. Bronconeumol. 2015; 51(11):539-543. doi: 10.1016/j.arbr.2015.09.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lockett A., Brown M.B, Santos-Falcon N., Rush N., Oueini H., Oberle A., Bolanis E., Fragoso M., Petrusca D., Serban K., Schweitzer K., Presson R., Campos M., Petrache I. Active trafficking of alpha 1 antitrypsin across the lung endothelium // PLoS One. 2014. Vol.9, №4. e93979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093979</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lockett A., Brown M.B, Santos-Falcon N., Rush N., Oueini H., Oberle A., Bolanis E., Fragoso M., Petrusca D., Serban K., Schweitzer K., Presson R., Campos M., Petrache I. Active trafficking of alpha 1 antitrypsin across the lung endothelium. PLoS One 2014; 9(4):e93979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093979</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sohal S.S., Walters E.H. Role of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) // Respir. Res. 2013. Vol.14, article 120. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-120</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sohal S.S., Walters E.H. Role of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Respir. Res. 2013;14:120. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-120</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnes P.J., Adcock I.M. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: a lethal association // Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011. Vol.184, №8. Р.866-867. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201108-1436ED</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnes P.J., Adcock I.M. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: a lethal association. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 184(8):866-867. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201108-1436ED</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chung K.F., Adcock I.M. Multifaceted mechanisms in COPD: inflammation, immunity, and tissue repair and destruction // Eur. Respir. J. 2008. Vol.31, №6. Р. 1334-1356. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00018908</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chung K.F., Adcock I.M. Multifaceted mechanisms in COPD: inflammation, immunity, and tissue repair and destruction. Eur. Respir. J. 2008; 31(6):1334-1356. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00018908</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moon H.G. Kim S.H., Gao J., Quan T., Qin Z., Osorio J.C., Rosas I.O., Wu M., Tesfaigzi Y., Jin Y CCN1 secretion and cleavage regulate the lung epithelial cell functions after cigarette smoke // Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2014. Vol.307, №4. Р.326-337. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00102.2014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moon H.G. Kim S.H., Gao J., Quan T., Qin Z., Osorio J.C., Rosas I.O., Wu M., Tesfaigzi Y., Jin Y CCN1 secretion and cleavage regulate the lung epithelial cell functions after cigarette smoke. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2014; 307(4):L326-337. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00102.2014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leu S.J., Sung J., Chen M., Chen C., Cheng J., Wang T., Wang J. The matricellular protein CCN1 suppresses lung cancer cell growth by inducing senescence via the p53/p21 pathway // J. Cell. Biochem. 2013. Vol.114, №9. Р.2082-2093. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24557</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leu S.J., Sung J., Chen M., Chen C., Cheng J., Wang T., Wang J. The matricellular protein CCN1 suppresses lung cancer cell growth by inducing senescence via the p53/p21 pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 2013; 114(9):2082-2093. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24557</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perbal B. CCN proteins: multifunctional signalling regulators // Lancet. 2004. Vol.363, №9402. Р.62-64. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15172-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perbal B. CCN proteins: multifunctional signalling regulators. Lancet 2004; 363(9402):62-64. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15172-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujita Y., Araya J., Ito S., Kobayashi K., Kosaka N., Yoshioka Y., Kadota T., Hara H., Kuwano K., Ochiya T. Suppression of autophagy by extracellular vesicles promotes myofibroblast differentiation in COPD pathogenesis // J. Extracell. Vesicles. 2015. Vol.4. Р.28388. doi: 10.3402/jev.v4.28388</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujita Y., Araya J., Ito S., Kobayashi K., Kosaka N., Yoshioka Y., Kadota T., Hara H., Kuwano K., Ochiya T. Suppression of autophagy by extracellular vesicles promotes myofibroblast differentiation in COPD pathogenesis. J. Extracell. Vesicles 2015; 4:28388. doi: 10.3402/jev.v4.28388</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osei E.T., Florez-Sampedro L., Timens W., Postma D.S., Heijink I.H. Unravelling the complexity of COPD by microRNAs: it's a small world after all // Eur. Respir. J. 2015. Vol.46, №3. Р.807-818. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02139-2014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osei E.T., Florez-Sampedro L., Timens W., Postma D.S., Heijink I.H. Unravelling the complexity of COPD by microRNAs: it's a small world after all. Eur. Respir. J. 2015; 46(3):807-818. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02139-2014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujita Y., Araya J., Ito S., Kobayashi K., Kosaka N., Yoshioka Y., Kadota T., Hara H., Kuwano K., Ochiya T. Suppression of autophagy by extracellular vesicles promotes myofibroblast differentiation in COPD pathogenesis // J. Extracell. Vesicles. 2015. Vol.4. Р.28388. doi: 10.3402/jev.v4.28388</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujita Y., Araya J., Ito S., Kobayashi K., Kosaka N., Yoshioka Y., Kadota T., Hara H., Kuwano K., Ochiya T. Suppression of autophagy by extracellular vesicles promotes myofibroblast differentiation in COPD pathogenesis. J. Extracell. Vesicles 2015; 4:28388. doi: 10.3402/jev.v4.28388</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shapiro S.D. Elastolytic metalloproteinases produced by human mononuclear phagocytes // Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1994. Vol.150, №6 (Pt2). S160-164. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/150.6_Pt_2.S160</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shapiro S.D. Elastolytic metalloproteinases produced by human mononuclear phagocytes. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1994; 150(6 Pt 2): S160-164. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/150.6_Pt_2.S160</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takamizawa J., Konishi H., Yanagisawa K., Tomida S., Osada H., Endoh H., Harano T., Yatabe Y., Nagino M., Ni-mura Y., Mitsudomi T., Takahashi T. Reduced expression of the let-7 microRNAs in human lung cancers in association with shortened postoperative survival // Cancer Res. 2004. Vol.64, №11. Р. 3753-3756. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0637</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takamizawa J., Konishi H., Yanagisawa K., Tomida S., Osada H., Endoh H., Harano T., Yatabe Y., Nagino M., Ni-mura Y, Mitsudomi T., Takahashi T. Reduced expression of the let-7 microRNAs in human lung cancers in association with shortened postoperative survival. Cancer Res. 2004; 64(11):3753-3756. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0637</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salimian J., Mirzaei H., Moridikia A., Harchegani A.B., Sahebkar A., Salehi H. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: MicroRNAs and exosomes as new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers // J. Res. Med. Sci. 2018. Vol.23. Р.27. doi: 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_1054_17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salimian J., Mirzaei H., Moridikia A., Harchegani A.B., Sahebkar A., Salehi H. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: MicroRNAs and exosomes as new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. J. Res. Med. Sci. 2018; 23:27. doi: 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_1054_17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rescusa P., Taverna S., Pucci M., Durendez E., Calabuig S., Manca P., Serrano M.J., Sober L., Pauwels P., Russo A., Rolfo C. Exosomes as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in lung cancer // J. Thorac. Dis. 2017. Vol.9(Suppl.13):S1373-S1382. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.67</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rescusa P., Taverna S., Pucci M., Durendez E., Calabuig S., Manca P, Serrano M.J., Sober L., Pauwels P., Russo A., Rolfo C. Exosomes as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in lung cancer. J. Thorac. Dis. 2017; 9(Suppl 13):S1373— S1382. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.67</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabinowits G., Gergel-Taylor C., Day J.M., Taylor D.D., Kloecker G. H. Exosomal microRNA: a diagnostic marker for lung cancer // Clin. Lung Cancer. 2009. Vol.10, №1. Р.42-46. doi: 10.3816/CLC.2009.n.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabinowits G., Gergel-Taylor C., Day J.M., Taylor D.D., Kloecker G.H. Exosomal microRNA: a diagnostic marker for lung cancer. Clin. Lung Cancer 2009; 10(1):42-46. doi: 10.3816/CLC. 2009.n.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seike M., Goto A., Okano T., Bowman E., Schetter A., Horikawa I., Mathe E., Jen J., Yang P., Sugimura H., Gemma A., Kudoh S., Croce C., Harris C. MiR-21 is an EGFR-regulated anti-apoptotic factor in lung cancer in never-smokers // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2009. Vol.106, №29. Р. 12085-12090. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0905234106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seike M., Goto A., Okano T., Bowman E., Schetter A., Horikawa I., Mathe E., Jen J., Yang P., Sugimura H., Gemma A., Kudoh S., Croce C., Harris C. MiR-21 is an EGFR-regulated anti-apoptotic factor in lung cancer in never-smokers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009; 106(29):12085-12090. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0905234106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatley M.E., Patrick D.M., Garcia M.R., Richardson J.A., Bassel-Duby R., Rooij E., Olson E.N. Modulation of K-Ras-dependent lung tumorigenesis by MicroRNA-21 // Cancer Cell. 2010. Vol.18, №3. Р.282-293. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.08.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatley M.E., Patrick D.M., Garcia M.R., Richardson J.A., Bassel-Duby R., Rooij E., Olson E.N. Modulation of K-Ras-dependent lung tumorigenesis by MicroRNA-21. Cancer Cell. 2010; 18(3):282-293. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.08.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen R., Xu X, Qian Z., Zhang C., Niu Y., Wang Z., Sun J., Zhang X., Yu Y. The biological functions and clinical applications of exosomes in lung cancer // Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2019. Vol.76. Р.4613-4633. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03233-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen R., Xu X., Qian Z., Zhang C., Niu Y., Wang Z., Sun J., Zhang X., Yu Y The biological functions and clinical applications of exosomes in lung cancer. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2019; 76:4613-4633. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03233-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asef A., Mortaz E., Jamaati H., Velayati A. Immunologic Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes in the Pathogenesis of Cystic Fibrosis // Tanaffos. 2018. Vol.17. №2. Р.66-72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asef A., Mortaz E., Jamaati H., Velayati A. Immunologic Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes in the Pathogenesis of Cystic Fibrosis. Tanaffos 2018; 17(2):66-72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velayati A.A., Abeel T., Shea T., Zhavnerko G.K., Birren B., Cassell G.H., Earl A.M., Hoffner S., Farnia P. Populations of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis lack a cell wall: isolation, visualization, and whole-genome characterization // Int. J. Mycobacteriol. 2016. Vol.5, №1. Р.66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.12.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velayati A.A., Abeel T., Shea T., Zhavnerko G.K., Birren B., Cassell G.H., Earl A.M., Hoffner S., Farnia P. Populations of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis lack a cell wall: isolation, visualization, and whole-genome characterization. Int. J. Mycobacteriol. 2016; 5(1):66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.12.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tufekci K.U., Oner M.G., Meuwissen R.L.J., Genc S. The role of microRNAs in human diseases // Methods Mol. Biol. 2014. Vol.1107. Р.33-50. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-748-849</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tufekci K.U., Oner M.G., Meuwissen R.L.J., Genc S. The role of microRNAs in human diseases. Methods Mol. Biol. 2014; 1107:33-50. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-748-849</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kruh-Garcia N.A., Wolfe L.M., Dobos K.M. Deciphering the role of exosomes in tuberculosis // Tuberculosis. 2015. Vol.95, №1. Р.26-30. doi: m.m16/j.tube.2014.m.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kruh-Garcia N.A., Wolfe L.M., Dobos K.M. Deciphering the role of exosomes in tuberculosis. Tuberculosis 2015; 95(1):26-30. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.10.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kruh-Garcia N., Wolfe L., Chaisson L., Worodria W., Nahid P., Schorey J., Davis L., Dobos K. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides in the exosomes of patients with active and latent M. tuberculosis infection using MRM-MS // PLoS One. 2014. Vol.9, №7. e103811. doi: m.1371/joumal.pone.01038n</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kruh-Garcia N., Wolfe L., Chaisson L., Worodria W., Nahid P., Schorey J., Davis L., Dobos K. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides in the exosomes of patients with active and latent M. tuberculosis infection using MRM-MS. PLoS One 2014; 9(7):e103811. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103811</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beatty W.L., Rhoades E.R., Ullrich H.J., Chatterjee D., Heuser J.E., Russell D.G. Trafficking and release of mycobacterial lipids from infected macrophages // Traffic. 2000. Vol.1, №3. Р.235-247. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2000.010306.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beatty W.L., Rhoades E.R., Ullrich H.J., Chatterjee D., Heuser J.E., Russell D.G. Trafficking and release of mycobacterial lipids from infected macrophages. Traffic 2000; 1(3):235-247. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2000.010306.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fortune S.M., Solache A., Jaeger A., Hill P. J., Belisle J.T., Bloom B.R., Rubin E.J., Ernst J.D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage responses to IFN-y through myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent and -independent mechanisms // J. Immunol. 2004. Vol.172, №10. Р.6272-6280. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.10.6272</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fortune S.M., Solache A., Jaeger A., Hill P. J., Belisle J.T., Bloom B.R., Rubin E.J., Ernst J.D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage responses to IFN-y through myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent and -independent mechanisms. J. Immunol. 2004; 172(10):6272-6280. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.10.6272</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh P.P., LeMaire C., Tan J.C., Zeng E., Schorey J.S. Exosomes Released from M. tuberculosis Infected Cells Can Suppress IFN-y Mediated Activation of Naive Macrophages // PLoS One. 2011. Vol.6, №4. e18564. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018564</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh P.P., LeMaire C., Tan J.C., Zeng E., Schorey J.S. Exosomes Released from M.tuberculosis Infected Cells Can Suppress IFN-y Mediated Activation of Naive Macrophages. PLoS One 2011;	6(4):e18564. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018564</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qazi K.R., Paredes P.T., Dahlberg B., Grunewald J., Eklund A., Gabrielsson S. Proinflammatory exosomes in bron-choalveolar lavage fluid of patients with sarcoidosis // Thorax. 2010. Vol.65, №11. Р.1016-1024. doi: 10.1136/thx.2009.132027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qazi K.R., Paredes P.T., Dahlberg B., Grunewald J., Eklund A., Gabrielsson S. Proinflammatory exosomes in bron-choalveolar lavage fluid of patients with sarcoidosis. Thorax 2010; 65(11):1016-1024. doi: 10.1136/thx.2009.132027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Admyre C., Bohle B., Johansson S.M., Focke-Tejkl M., Valenta R., Scheynius A., Gabrielsson S. B cell-derived exosomes can present allergen peptides and activate allergen-specific T cells to proliferate and produce TH2-like cytokines // J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2007. Vol.120, №6. Р.1418-1424. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.06.040</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Admyre C., Bohle B., Johansson S.M., Focke-Tejkl M., Valenta R., Scheynius A., Gabrielsson S. B cell-derived exosomes can present allergen peptides and activate allergen-specific T cells to proliferate and produce TH2-like cytokines. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2007; 120(6):1418-1424. doi: 10.1016/jjaci.2007.06.040</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang W., Febbraio M., Silverstein R.L. CD9 tetraspanin interacts with CD36 on the surface of macrophages: a possible regulatory influence on uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein // PLoS One. 2011. Vol.6, №12. e29092. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029092</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang W., Febbraio M., Silverstein R.L. CD9 tetraspanin interacts with CD36 on the surface of macrophages: a possible regulatory influence on uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. PLoS One 2011; 6(12):e29092. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029092</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ley B., Collard H.R., King T.E.Jr. Clinical course and prediction of survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis // Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011. Vol.183, №4. Р431-440. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201006-0894CI</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ley B., Collard H.R., King T.E.Jr. Clinical course and prediction of survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 183(4):431-440. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201006-0894CI</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Minnis P., Kane R., Anglin R, Walsh S., Worrel J., Khan F., Lumsden R., Whitty S., Keane M. Serum exosomes from IPF patients display a fibrotic miRNA profile that correlates to clinical measures of disease severity // Eur. Respir. J. 2015. Vol.46, Suppl.59. Article ID PA3845. doi: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.PA3845</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minnis P., Kane R., Anglin R, Walsh S., Worrel J., Khan F., Lumsden R., Whitty S., Keane M. Serum exosomes from IPF patients display a fibrotic miRNA profile that correlates to clinical measures of disease severity. Eur. Respir. J. 2015; 46(Suppl.59). Article ID PA3845. doi: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.PA3845</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson S., Grosshans H., Shingara J., Byrom M., Jarvis R., Cheng A., Labourier E., Reinert K., Brown D., Slack F. RAS is regulated by the let-7 microRNA family // Cell. 2005. Vol.120, №5. Р.635-647. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson S., Grosshans H., Shingara J., Byrom M., Jarvis R., Cheng A., Labourier E., Reinert K., Brown D., Slack F. RAS is regulated by the let-7 microRNA family. Cell 2005; 120(5):635-647. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szul T., Bratcher P., Fraser K., Kong M., Tirouvanziam R., Ingersoll S., Sztul E., Rangarajan S., Blalock E., Xin Xu. Toll-like receptor 4 engagement mediates prolyl endopeptidase release from airway epithelia via exosomes // Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2016. Vol.54, №3. Р.359-369. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0108OC</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szul T., Bratcher P., Fraser K., Kong M., Tirouvanziam R., Ingersoll S., Sztul E., Rangarajan S., Blalock E., Xin Xu. Toll-like receptor 4 engagement mediates prolyl endopeptidase release from airway epithelia via exosomes. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2016; 54(3):359-369. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0108OC</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
