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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cfpd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36604/1998-5029-2021-79-110-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cfpd-866</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIENCE EXCHANGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вторичная профилактика тромбообразования прямыми оральными антикоагулянтами при наследственной гематогенной тромбофилии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Secondary prevention of thrombosis with direct oral anticoagulants for hereditary hematogenous thrombophilia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Войцеховский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voytsekhovskiy</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Владимирович Войцеховский, д-р мед. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой госпитальной терапии с курсом фармакологии </p><p>675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy V. Voytsekhovskiy, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of Department of Hospital Therapy with Pharmacology Course </p><p>95 Gor'kogo Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voitsehovsckij@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Амурская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Amur State Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>79</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Войцеховский В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Войцеховский В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voytsekhovskiy V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/866">https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/866</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изложен опыт применения прямых оральных антикоагулянов – препаратов дабигартана, ривароксабана и апиксабана для вторичной профилактики тромбообразования у больных с наиболее распространенными вариантами наследственной гематогенной тромбофилии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Под наблюдением находились 86 пациентов: мужчин – 53, женщин – 33. Только зарегистрированный факт тромбоза, тромбоэмболии, ишемии или инфарктов органов являлся основанием для постановки диагноза «гематогенная тромбофилия» и проведения в дальнейшем вторичной профилактики тромбообразования. В 80 случаях имела место комбинированная форма тромбофилии. Кроме наследственных, имели место приобретенные тромбогенные факторы. Препарат дабигатрана (Прадакса®) для профилактики тромбообразования был назначен 41 больному в возрасте от 20 до 60 лет, длительность приема от 12 месяцев до 9 лет, доза препарата подбиралась индивидуально от 150 до 300 мг в сутки. Препарат ривароксабана (Ксарелто®) для профилактики тромбообразования назначен 25 больным в возрасте от 18 до 54 лет, длительность приема от 12 месяцев до 6 лет, доза препарата 10-20 мг в сутки. Препарат апиксабана (Эликвис®) назначен 10 пациентам в возрасте от 30 до 50 лет, длительность приема от 6 месцев до 2 лет, дозировка 5-10 мг в сутки. При гипергомоцистеинемии назначали Ангиовит® или Пентавит®. Препараты протеина С и антитромбина III при их врожденном дефиците использовали по показаниям.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После назначения дабигатрана только у одного пациента был зарегистрирован рецидив ТЭЛА, обусловленный низкой приверженностью к лечению. У других больных, которым были назначены прямые оральные антикоагулянты, не зарегистрировано рецидивов тромботических осложнений. При применении дабигатрана и апиксабана не диагностировано геморрагических осложнений. У 5 пациентов, получавших ривароксабан, отмечались незначительные носовые кровотечения; в трех случаях они прекратились при снижении дозы с 20 до 15-10 мг, два пациента были переведены на дабигатран. Угрожающих жизни пациентов кровотечений не зарегистрировано.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Дабигатран, ривароксабан и апиксабан являются эффективными и безопасными препаратами для противотромботической терапии. Отсутствие необходимости постоянного лабораторного контроля и крайне редкие геморрагические осложнения дают возможность их использования у пациентов, проживающих в отдаленных от крупных медицинских центров районах. Лишь 10 пациентов, находящихся под нашим наблюдением с диагнозом «гематогенная тромбофилия», в настоящее время принимают варфарин. Своевременная диагностика варианта гематогенной тромбофилии и назначение адекватной противотромботической терапии способствует безрецидивному течению заболевания. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The article describes the experience of using direct oral anticoagulants – drugs Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban for the secondary prevention of thrombosis in patients with the most common variants of hereditary hematogenous thrombophilia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 86 patients were under observation: 53 men, 33 women. Only the registered fact of thrombosis, thromboembolism, ischemia or organ infarction was the basis for the diagnosis of hematogenous thrombophilia and further secondary prevention of thrombosis. In 80 cases, there was a combined form of thrombophilia. In addition to hereditary factors, there were acquired thrombogenic factors. Dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa®) for the prevention of thrombus formation was prescribed to 41 patients aged 20 to 60 years; duration of admission from 12 months to 9 years, the dose of the drug was selected individually from 150 to 300 mg per day. Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) for the prevention of thrombus formation was prescribed to 25 patients aged 18 to 54 years, duration of admission from 12 months to 7 years, the dose of the drug is 10-20 mg per day. Apixaban (Eliquis®) was prescribed to 10 patients, aged 30 to 50 years, the duration of admission was from 6 months up to 2 years, dosage 5-10 mg per day. For hyperhomocysteinemia, Angiovit® or Pentavit® was prescribed. Protein C and antithrombin III preparations with their congenital deficiency were used according to indications.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. After Dabigatran was prescribed, only one patient had a recurrent pulmonary embolism due to low adherence to treatment. In other patients who were prescribed direct oral anticoagulants, no recurrence of thrombotic complications was recorded. No hemorrhagic complications were diagnosed with the use of Dabigatran and Apixaban. In 5 patients receiving Rivaroxaban, there were minor epistaxis; in three cases they stopped when the dose was reduced from 20 to 15-10 mg, two patients were transferred to dabigatran. No life-threatening bleeding has been reported.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban are effective and safe drugs for antithrombotic therapy. The absence of the need for constant laboratory monitoring and extremely rare hemorrhagic complications makes it possible to use them in patients living in areas remote from large medical centers. Only 10 patients under our supervision with a diagnosis of “hematogenous thrombophilia” are currently taking warfarin. Timely diagnosis of the variant of hematogenous thrombophilia and the appointment of adequate anti-thrombotic therapy contributes to the relapse-free course of the disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственная гематогенная тромбофилия</kwd><kwd>вторичная профилактика тромбообразования</kwd><kwd>дабигатран</kwd><kwd>ривароксабан</kwd><kwd>апиксабан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hereditary hematogenous thrombophilia</kwd><kwd>secondary prevention of thrombus formation</kwd><kwd>dabigatran</kwd><kwd>rivaroxaban</kwd><kwd>apixaban</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось без участия спонсоров</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was not sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hemostasis and thrombosis. 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