cfpdБюллетень физиологии и патологии дыханияBulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration1998-5029Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания10.36604/1998-5029-2021-82-146-157cfpd-991Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВозможности современной лучевой диагностики саркоидоза (обзор литературы)Resources of modern radiation diagnostics of sarcoidosis (review)ИгнатьеваЕ. А.Ignat’evaE. A.

Елена Александровна Игнатьева, аспирант лаборатории функциональных методов исследования дыхательной системы, врач-рентгенолог

675000, Россия, г. Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22

Elena A. Ignat’eva, MD, Postgraduate Student of the Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System, Roentgenologist

22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000

ignatyevalena6618@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration202123122021082146157Copyright © Игнатьева Е.А., 20212021Игнатьева Е.А.Ignat’eva E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cfpd.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/991

Введение. Саркоидоз представляет значимую социальную и медицинскую проблему. Диагноз основывается на совместимости клинической картины, гистологических данных о гранулематозном воспалении, исключении альтернативных заболеваний и доказательствах системного поражения. Для саркоидоза не существует «золотого» диагностического стандарта. Цель. Обзор последних мировых литературных данных о возможностях современной лучевой диагностики саркоидоза. Материалы и методы. В обзоре обобщены данные литературных источников, опубликованных преимущественно за последние пять лет в PubMed и eLibrary. А также по необходимости были включены и более ранние публикации. Результаты. В литературном обзоре рассмотрены современные методы медицинской визуализации, используемые для диагностики саркоидоза, позволяющие в некоторых случаях избежать биопсии. В первую очередь это рентгенологические методы. На сегодняшний день определяющую роль в диагностике и мониторировании саркоидоза играет мультиспиральная компьютерная томография высокого разрешения с трехмерной визуализацией, как метод с наибольшей чувствительностью. Применение магнитно-резонансной томографии и низкодозовой компьютерной томографии недостаточно изучено у пациентов с саркоидозом. Количественные методики компьютерной томографии и радиомика только частично были протестированы при саркоидозе. Заключение. Визуализация саркоидоза – предмет большого количества публикаций, в которых дается подробное описание методик рентгенографии и компьютерной томографии. Тем не менее, несмотря на введение новых компьютеризированных инструментов для анализа визуализации грудной клетки, традиционные рентгенологические методики всё еще сохраняют важную роль, как в диагностической, так и в прогностической оценке изменений, характерных для саркоидоза. 

Introduction. Sarcoidosis is a significant social and medical problem. Diagnosis is based on consistency of the clinical picture, histological evidence of granulomatous inflammation, exclusion of alternative diseases, and evidence of systemic involvement. There is no “gold” diagnostic standard for sarcoidosis. Aim. Review of the latest world literature data on the possibilities of modern radiation diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Materials and methods. The review summarizes data from literature published mainly over the past five years in PubMed and eLibrary. Earlier publications were also included as necessary. Results. In the literature review, modern medical imaging methods used to diagnose sarcoidosis, which in some cases can avoid biopsy, are considered. First of all, these are X-ray methods. Today, high-resolution multispiral computed tomography with three-dimensional imaging, as the method with the highest sensitivity, plays a decisive role in the diagnosis and monitoring of sarcoidosis. The use of magnetic resonance imaging and low-dose computed tomography is not well understood in patients with sarcoidosis. Quantitative computed tomography and radiomics techniques have only been partially tested in sarcoidosis. Conclusion. The imaging of sarcoidosis is the subject of a large number of publications that provide detailed descriptions of X-ray and computed tomography techniques. Nevertheless, despite the introduction of new computerized tools for the analysis of chest imaging, traditional X-ray techniques still remain an important role in both the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of changes characteristic of sarcoidosis

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.