TRACHEAL EPITHELIUM ADAPTATION UNDER THE WIDE RANGE OF TEMPERATURES (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

Morphological and morphometric characteristics of epithelium cells of white rats tracheal mucosa under cooling and overheating of the body were studied. 18 groups of laboratory animals underwent the exposure to low (-15°C) and high (+40°C) temperatures during three hours a day for 7, 14 and 21 days. Alongside with the temperature exposure the animals in the corresponding groups were administered with medications of phytoadaptogens per os ( Hypericum perforatum and Rhodiola rosea ). It was done to study the pharmacological possibilities to contribute to the adaptation of airways to different temperatures. After the experiment the medications from the trachea tissue were made; with the method of light microscopy the comparison of the height of the epithelial layer in the material of the experimental and intact animals was done. It was found out that the longer the cooling of the body was (from 7 till 14 days) the less the height of epithelium was (from 33% till 51% from the normal value). After that the epithelium height increases till 31% due to adaptive hypertrophy. Under the continuous thermal exposure the height of epithelium consistently grows by 18, 28 and 34%. The administration into the animals’ body of Hypericum perforatum under the cold exposure does not influence the height of epithelium changes subject to the period of exposure. Under the administration of Rhodiola rosea the maximal height of epithelium was registered at the 14^th day of cooling. The animals administered with Hypericum perforatum and being under heat exposure have a modification of epithelium height changes subject to the period of exposure with the maximum height of epithelium at the 7^th day. Under Rhodiola rosea administration the maximal height of epithelium was registered at the 7^th day of the exposure to the heat. Phytoadaptogens Hypericum perforatum and Rhodiola rosea contribute to the compensation of changes of tracheal mucosa epithelium caused by the wide range of temperatures.

эпителий слизистой оболочки трахеи, охлаждение организма, перегревание организма, адаптация дыхательной системы, фитоадаптогены, зверобой продырявленный, родиола розовая, tracheal mucosa epithelium, cooling of the body, overheating of the body, airway adaptation, phytoadaptogens, Hypericum perforatum, Rhodiola rosea

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