The role of respiratory infections in the formation of airway hyperresponsiveness in children
https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-93-121-131
Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a heterogeneous and complex disorder characterized by excessive narrowing of the airways in response to various exogenous and endogenous stimuli. This article presents information from the last five years, including 50 publications from PubMed and Google Scholar, on the most common viruses that provoke the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in children, including respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus, influenza and parainfluenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, adenovirus, and bocavirus. It describes a number of pathophysiological mechanisms by which viruses damage the respiratory epithelium and lead to the formation of infectious and post-infectious bronchial hypersensitivity. The role of hyperexpression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in the development of AHR, especially in early childhood, is emphasized. It is shown that the inflammatory process and a balanced immune response are crucial for mitigating the severity of the disease caused by viruses. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of inflammatory reactions and the immune response to acute respiratory viral infections can help develop more effective methods for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in children.
About the Authors
A. S. Manukyan
Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aykush S. Manukyan, Postgraduate Student, Junior Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Mechanisms of Virus-Associated Developmental Pathologies
22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000
A. G. Prikhodko
Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Аnnа G. Prikhodko, MD, PhD, DSc (Med.), Main Staff Scientist, Laboratory of Functional Research of Respiratory System
22 Kalinina Str., Blagoveshchensk, 675000
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For citations:
Manukyan A.S., Prikhodko A.G. The role of respiratory infections in the formation of airway hyperresponsiveness in children. Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2024;(93):121-131. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-93-121-131
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