ROLE OF EOSINOPHILIC COMPONENT OF BRONCHIAL INFLAMMATION AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN THE FORMATION OF AIRWAY RESPONSE TO EXERCISE LOAD IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in patients with asthma is associated with the severity and low control of the disease and supported with the activation of airway inflammation. The aim of the work was to study the influence of eosinophilic component of cellular inflammation and the level of formation of products of lipid peroxidation (LP) in bronchi of asthma patients at the formation of airway reaction in response to dosed exercise load (DEL). 57 asthma patients were assessed upon the level of asthma control by the ACT questionnaire (Asthma Control Test), baseline lung function (FEV₁), airway response (∆FEV₁) to DEL, the contents of LP products in the exhaled breath condensate, the cellular composition, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), cytomorphologic parameters of the induced sputum (IS). The group of control was consist of 20 healthy people. According to the airway response to DEL, asthma patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1^st group included patients with EIB (n=24), the 2^nd group had the patients with negative airway response to DEL (n=33). It was found out that in the patients with an excessive response to DEL the contents of eosinophils in IS (23.2±4.3%) was significantly higher than in people who did not have response to DEL (16.1±2.9; р<0.001) and in healthy people (0.1±0.08%; р<0.001). The patients with EIB had a tendency to increase the activity of MPO and had a more expressed secretion of enzymes in comparison with other patients. Besides, in the patients of the 1^st group in the exhaled breath condensate there was found a higher level of unoxidized lipids (Е206 nm) and their oxidized derivatives (Е233 nm, Е278 nm) in comparison with the patients who did not have a response to DEL and healthy people. In the patients with positive response to DEL there was found a close correlation between the number of eosinophils in IS and ACT (r=-0.58; р=0.049), as well as the correlation between the basic concentration of Е206, Е233/Е206, Е278/Е206, index of intensiveness of eosinophils cytolysis in IS and bronchial response (ΔFEV₁) to DEL (r=-0.39, р<0.01; r=-0.46, р<0.01; r=-0.34, р<0.01; r=-0.83, р<0.01, respectively). The parameters of eosinophilic component of inflammation and LP can be viewed as biomarkers of EIB formation in asthma patients.

asthma, airway hyperresponsiveness, exercise load, eosinophilic component of bronchial inflammation, lipid peroxidation

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