CHANGES OF INDICATORS OF LUNGS VENTILATION IN YAMAL INHABITANS DEPENDING ON CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS

Abstract

The character of lung function (LF) changes - lung vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume at the first second (FEV₁) were studied in inhabitants of Yamal-Nenets autonomous region in its different climatic and geographic zones. Cross screening examination of 1090 non-smoking inhabitants of the region was done. All the inhabitants in the settlements were compared by sex, age, ethnicity and occupation. The inhabitants were interviewed with questionnaires «GOLD 2006»; spirometry, electrocardiography and pulmonologist examination were also done. Severe somatic pathology in all the examined patients was excluded. It was found out that mean values (M±SD) of VC in the inhabitants were within the limits of 100.6±13.4% from predicted values, and in the newly arrived they were 96.0±12.6% (p<0.001). Those people who worked in cold conditions in comparison with the participants of the study whose work was not connected with the influence of cold on the body had statically reliable decrease of VC values (93.5±15.7 and 100.3±16.2%, respectively, p<0.01), of FVC values (90.0±16.3 and 95.6±15.3%, respectively, p<0.01) and of FEV₁ values (86.3±16.6 and 92.2±14.5%, respectively, p<0.01). The study of LF in inhabitants of the settlements of different climatic and geographic zones of Yamal-Nenets autonomous region showed that at the increase of intensity of climatic factors effect mean values of FEV₁ reliably dropped in the direction of the study from the South to the North (from 98.0±16.0 till 94.0±15.0%, p<0.05), at the same time the values of VC increased from 94.0±12.0 till 100.0±15.0% (p<0.05). The results of the research can be used for the development of the prognostic model of airways adaptation to extreme conditions.