SCREENING ESTIMATION OF CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES: THE RESULTS OF RELIZATION OF WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PROJECT FIRST STAGE – GARD ON THE TERRITORY OF THE AMUR REGION

Abstract

The results of the research about the estimation of epidemiologic features of the spread of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors of their development on the territory of the Amur region held within the realization of the international WHO project – GARD (Global Alliance against Respiratory Diseases) in Russian Federation are presented. To solve this task in Blagoveshchenck a research center was founded on the basis of Far-Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Respiration Pathology SB RAMS. The main methods of the study were interviewing (filling in the validated WHO – GARD questionnaire) and the study of the external breathing function (spirometry) in the urban and rural population of the Amur region. Epidemiologic analysis of respiratory health of population, carried out with the help of validated tools of estimation, allowed to reveal a high frequency of basic symptoms of chronic respiratory diseases (cough, phlegm, wheezing, short breath) and to establish the main correlation between the level of their spread and risk factors (professional engagement in the polluted air, smoking, the use of the open fire for building heating and cooking). The results of the research prove that the urgent attention of the health protection system and the society in general should be paid to the problems of respiratory health. These results can be used at the state level at the development and realization of federal and regional programs of monitoring and chronic respiratory diseases prophylaxis.