SOMATOMETRIC INDICATORS OF PREGNANT WOMEN OF PRIAMURYE REGION AS AN EVALUATION FACTOR OF THE ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCE

Abstract

In order to study the effect of environmental conditions on the characteristics of the nutritional status (the change in the nature of diet due to the transition to a westernized type), 299 women were examined in the pregnant and nonpregnant state belonging to the following ethno-ecological groups living in the Khabarovsk Krai and in the Middle Amur region: urban and rural not indigenous (mainly Russian) and rural indigenous (Nanais) ones. Anthropometric parameters (height, weight, thickness of the skin-fat folds) as parameters of the nutritional status were evaluated at the initial examination and in trimester dynamics by means of caliperometry, somatometry, and generally accepted statistical methods of analysis of the obtained material. As a result of the expedition study, significant ethnic differences in the growth rate of indigenous and newcomers were determined. When examining pregnant and nonpregnant women, there was an increase in body weight corresponding to the norm only in pregnant women of the urban not indigenous population, which indicates the influence of actual nutrition, conditioned both by ecological and social living conditions. The study found that in the group of pregnant indigenous rural population, a positive increase in the thickness of all skin-fat folds in dynamics from I to III trimester was determined, however, the greatest confidence in the increase was noted in the group of urban pregnant women (р≤0.05-0.001), which proves a more pronounced ecological and social component. Analysis of the body mass index to body surface area index in pregnant women of the Amur region and the indigenous population of the Amur Region made it possible to evaluate the feeding type as an "intermediate Far Eastern" adaptive one, requiring dynamic control and justified correction.