Chronic respiratory diseases: epidemiological monitoring and prevention

Aim. An analysis of the epidemiological monitoring of the incidence of chronic respiratory diseases in the Russian Federation, the Far Eastern Federal District and the Amur Region is carried out, allowing to assess the levels and regional characteristics of the spread of pathology among the population and territorial entities, the dynamics of morbidity and the effectiveness of preventive measures.

Materials and methods. In order to organize the study, the methods of structural, comparative and correlation analysis, statistical and informational-analytical methods, databases of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service and the results of their own epidemiological studies conducted using sociological and clinical-functional screening methods were used.

Results. Epidemiological analysis shows that chronic respiratory diseases are widespread among the adult population and affect the ability to work and the quality of life of a person. However, the level of their registration in the state statistical monitoring system has significant differences in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which is determined not only by the degree of influence of their risk factors, but also by the level of accessibility and quality of medical care determined by the socio-economic conditions of the environment. At the same time, in recent years, in the Russian Federation as a whole, and in the Amur Region in particular, certain positive changes have been achieved in increasing the efficiency of medical care for patients with chronic respiratory diseases, manifested by an increased level of their diagnosis and detection of pathology in the early stages of development. Since 2005, the rates of primary and general adult morbidity in chronic lower respiratory diseases have increased by 29.9%, and in the Amur Region - by 31.2%. The mortality rate in the region due to chronic lower respiratory tract diseases decreased by 25.3% between 2005 and 2017.

1. State Program of the Russian Federation: Healthcare Development. Moscow; 2017. Available at: https://www.ros-minzdrav.ru/ministry/programms/health/info

2. Меdik V.A., T)kmachev М^. Manual on Health and Health Statistics. Moscow: Меditsina; 2006 (in Russian).

3. Chuchalin A.G., Khaltaev N., Antonov N.S., Galkin D.V., Manakov L.G., Antonini P., Murphy M., Solodovnikov A.G., Bousquet J., Pereira M.H., Demko I.V. Chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors in 12 regions of the Russian Federation. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014; 9:963-974. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S67283

4. Kolosov VP., Manakov L.G., Perelman J.M. Screening Estimation of Chronic Respiratory Diseases: the Results of Realization of World Health Organization Project First Stage - GARD on the Territory of the Amur Region. Bulleten' fi-ziologii i patologii dyhania = Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration 2012; (46):8-18 (in Russian).

5. Morbidity of the population of Russia in 2005-2017. Statistical compilation. Moscow; 2006-2018 (in Russian). Available at: www.mednet.ru

6. Kolosov V.P., Manakov L.G., Kiku PF., Polyanskaya E.V. Respiratory diseases in the Far East of Russia: epidemiologic and social-hygienic aspects. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka; 2013 (in Russian).

7. Manakov L.G., Kolosov VP Dynamics and regional gradients of respiratory disease morbidity of population in the Far Eastern Federal District. Bulleten' fiziologii i patologii dyhania = Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration 2018; (69):8-18. doi: 10.12737/article_5b9600fc7d8ed9.21787502

8. Kolosov VP., Manakov L.G., Kurganova O.P. Organization and quality of medical care for patients with lung diseases. Blagoveshchensk; 2017 (in Russian).

9. Poliyanskaya E.V., Kolosov VP, Bezrukov N.S., Manakov L.G. The indirect economic burden of morbidity of respiratory organs diseases: The example of Amurskaya oblast. Zdravookhranenie Rossiyskoy Federatsii 2014; 2:43-45 (in Russian).