Neurogenic dysfunction of the respiratory system in traumatic brain injury
https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2020-76-118-125
Abstract
The development of respiratory distress in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with the occurrence of non-cardiogenic, neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) and neuroinflammation. According to modern concepts, there are several theories for the development of NPE: due to neuro-cardiac or neurohemodynamic edema; “blast theory”; due to adrenergic hypersensitivity of the pulmonary venule; theory of “double strike”. The latter is based on the assertion that pulmonary injury in TBI occurs in response to a systemic inflammatory reaction when mediators of this process produced by glial tissue appear. It has been shown that with TBI, a neuro-inflammatory response develops, which contributes to the formation of acute respiratory distress syndrome. TBI causes a neuro-inflammatory response, which contributes to the formation of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The inflammation after TBI is caused by the production and activation of complement, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and other multifunctional peptides. Along with this neuroinflammatory activity is initiated by microglia and astrocytes; therefore, cells of the central nervous system are a powerful source of inflammatory mediators in TBI. It has also been demonstrated that the development of acute lung injury after TBI is associated with the expression of a systemic inflammatory response and NPE, pneumonia, etc. In the lung tissue, the initiation of the functional activity of innate immunity cells is observed against the background of massive sequestration by interstitial neutrophils, which then migrate to the alveoli. At the moment, there is a need to study the role of various molecular mediators, including endothelin-1 in the development of respiratory system pathology due to TBI.
About the Authors
S. V. Zinoviev
Pacific State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey V. Zinoviev - PhD (Med.), Senior Staff Scientist, Central Research Laboratory.
2 Ostryakova Ave., Vladivostok, 690002
N. G. Plekhova
Pacific State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia G. Plekhova - PhD, D.Sc. (Biol.), Head of the Central Research Laboratory.
2 Ostryakova Ave., Vladivostok, 690002
I. V. Radkov
Pacific State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ivan V. Radkov - Postgraduate student, Central Research Laboratory.
2 Ostryakova Ave., Vladivostok, 690002
V. B. Shumatov
Pacific State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Valentin B. Shumatov - MD, PhD, D.Sc. (Med.), Professor, Rector.
2 Ostryakova Ave., Vladivostok, 690002
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For citations:
Zinoviev S.V., Plekhova N.G., Radkov I.V., Shumatov V.B. Neurogenic dysfunction of the respiratory system in traumatic brain injury. Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2020;(76):118-125. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2020-76-118-125
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