MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PLACENTA AND FETUS CONNECTION FORMATION IN EXACERBATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION

Abstract

A neuroendocrine profile and immune status as well as the morphology of placenta and endometrial vessels were studied in 25 pregnant women with the exacerbation of chronic cytomegalovirus infection whose pregnancy ended up with the abortion at the 6-8 weeks. A serotonin-mediated change of the immune response to cytomegalovirus antigen was revealed, which was manifested in the increase of peripheral circulation of pro-inflammatory markers TNFα, IL-1, IL-4, IFNγ at the simultaneous decrease of IFNα level, which caused a local damage of fetoplacental barrier and the metabolic disorder contributing to its structural reconstruction. While studying placentas the disorder in the formation of embryotroph and cytotrophoblastic elements transformation into syntrophoblast, the delay in mesenchyme differentiation towards the formation of blood vessels endothelium were found out. Uterine arteries in most cases were spasming, which led to the decrease of systolic ratio parameters in them. The depression of alpha-fetoprotein production was the most important cause of the revealed gestation disorders of differentiation of trophoblast structures and endometrium at reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection and immune response disorders. The obtained results suggest the role of cytomegalovirus infection in the development of dystrophic changes of chorion villi, insufficiency of uterine blood circulation and the development of the spontaneous abortion at the early stage of gestation.