Analytical modelling of gas exchange in microstructures of acinus has shown, that functionally it is not homogeneous. Alveolus, alveolar bags and alveolar courses of 3-rd order formates a zone of stable gas exchange, a component of 72-86% of acinus volume (a respiratory zone), and 4 order of respiratory bronchiolus and alveolar courses of 1-st and in part 2-nd orders relate to a zone of astable gas exchange (transit zone). Volumes of zones, their participation in gas exchange and dependence on weight of a body are determined. The gradient of concentration of carbon dioxide in acinus from terminal bronchiolus up to terminal alveolus is established. Presence of symmorphosis in human lungs, which occurs in gas exchange structures of transit zone is shown.

The analysis of the functional system of regulation of lung function and biophysical mechanisms of diffuse flows during change of inspiratory and expiratory resistance and enlargement of the respiratory tract with the help of devices was carried out. The similar detailed analysis of all elements of functional system of regulation of lung function was not used for the argumentation of positive and negative changes in the respiratory function.

The study comprised 40 patients with COPD who were treated with tiotropium during 6 weeks. Mucociliary insufficiency improved in 70% of patients. Mucociliary clearance level determined with discriminant equation can be used to predict tiotropium efficiency in correcting mucociliary insufficiency.

The researches lead at 1425 men and 1353 women, city dwellers in Pryamurye have shown high prevalence of symptoms COPD. Chronic cough was at 36,3% of smoking and 11,6% non-smoking, allocation sputum at 32,1% of smoking and 5,2% non-smoking, a short wind at 54,1% of smoking and 28,8% non-smoking. Occurrence of these symptoms in many cases occurs both at young men, and at girls already in the age of 18-24 years. The role of smoking in formation of cough and allocation sputum has universal character. The short wind is more poorly connected with tobacco smoke at men, at women such communication is not revealed. A symptom of a short breath can be connected with COPD only with the big care.

We examined 54 patients with severe and moderate asthma by noninvasive arteriography (arteriograph TensioClinic TL1 «TensioMed», Hungary). During exacerbation of asthma the aortal stiffness was significautly more, than in healthy persons. During remission of asthma parameters of arterial stiffness came nearer to control level, which specifies on transitory character of these changes. Increased arterial stiffness in asthma is mainly correlates to the degree of lung ventilation dysfunction and hypoxia, and as with duration and severity of disease.

We have examined 90 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 60 patients showed pulmonary dysplasia. It has been found that ventilation function failure was obstructive and increased with COPD progressing. Its severity is directly related to dysplasia extension.

Complex research of morfofunctional conditions of diaphragm muscles at patients with a bronchial asthma and in experiment on white rats is lead. At development of respiratory insufficiency the reorganization of muscular fibres of a diaphragm is observed. Diaphragm muscle owing to hyperfunction passes 3 stages of a hypertrophy: a convertible hypertrophy, an irreversible hypertrophy, decompensation. The hypertrophy, being physiological, timeserving reaction, nevertheless, conducts to the dystrophic phenomena and a sclerosis that is display of exhaustion of respiratory muscles.

The analyze of the frequency of subjective respiratory and non respiratory symptoms in depending on the severity of disease and age was take in 686 patients with community acquired pneumonia, which treated in the Vladivostok’s hospitals. Parameters which described haemodynamic instability and respiratory insufficiency, were the main informative indicators. The revealing of the indicator of the pathological processes in the lungs realized on the example of the diagnostic of pneumonia by method of the apparatus percussion. The indicator of the effectiveness, wich use for characterization of the quality of different diagnostic methods was offered.

Erythrocyte superoxid dismutase activity in mothers and newborns with herpes infection and malonic dialdegyde activity have been studied. Anti oxidative enzyme showed significant metabolic changes comparable to malonic dialdegyde values and disease severity. We found decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and malonic dialdegyde accumulation in the blood of mothers and newborns. This finding was the most significant during the highest virus activity which was characterized by high antibody content.

Efficiency of zafirlukast application in complex treatment of patients with bronchial asthma of moderate severity was studied. All patient carried out traditional medicinal therapy by inhalation of glucocorticoids. At 32 patients complex treatment was supplemented with zafirlukast in a doze of 40 mg during 30 days, and 20 patients have made only inhalation of glucocorticoid. The received results show, that clinical application of zafirlukast strengthens efficiency of traditional therapy of moderate bronchial asthma that proves to be true significant reduction of clinical symptoms of illness, increase of parameters of lung function and is accompanied by decrease of 2,3-DРG, РСО₂ and increase of АТР, РО₂.

Multiple myeloma (MM) patients lethaly has been analized. Morphological changes in pulmones, bronchus and pleura have been studied with the aid of these patients autopsy materials. The 80% patients died from MM, suffered from myeloma nephropaty, chonic renal unsufficiency (CRI). The presence of uremic pulmonary edema, uremic pneunonitis and metastatic calcification was typical for the patients died under the conditions of CRI. Pulmonary-alveolar paraproteinosis manifestations were fixed in 60% events. Specific limphoid and interstitial plasma cell infiltration of pulmonary tissue was peculiar to 36,7% of the died patients. 8% suffered from pulmonary amiloidosis. 13,3% of MM patients had myeloma pleura involvement. This is most probably related to increased frequency of pneumonia for MM with chests deformity.

To study the effect of pneumonia on function and structure of liver we investigated the histological status of the liver, lysosome activity in the liver homogenate, aminotransferases activity, total protein and total bilirubin levels in serum. Sephadex-pneumonia in a rat model (intratracheal injection of Sephadex А-25 at a concentration of 5 mg/kg body weight) lead to elevated serum level of aminotransferases and total bilirubin level, to decreased total protein level in serum, to appeared histological markers of liver dysfunction. Sephadex-pneumonia induced the activation of lysosome (the elevation of free lysosome enzyme activity) for adaptation liver cells in setting of experimental pneumonia in rat. But the injury of lysosome membrane and lysosomal leakage with increase of nonsedimentational level of lysosome enzyme activity in rat liver homogenate and elevation of serum acid phosphatase and cathepsin D activites is one of the reasons of liver damage.

We used method of direct electron microscopic diagnostics to examine 39 patients with acute tuberculosis and lung abscess. The method enabled us to show microscopic and submicroscopic bacterial L-shaped structures. This lead us to diagnose bacteriemia. Depending on the amount and character of the bacteria we diagnosed three degrees of bacterial endotoxicosis.

The aim of our work was the detection of the normal border and revelation of the threshold of the division of indicator indexes, with point to local changes in lungs. The analysis of data of apparatus percussion was taken on learning programs selection of the group’s patients with pneumonia and healthy persons. The comprising of the not standardized distributions of patients and healthy persons did not reveal threshold of the division. The standardizations of the healthy and pathological changer zones gives reliable and statistical base for recognizing of pathological changes in the lung.

The paper reviews Russian and foreign literature data on regional lung ventilation function and airway reactivity in patients with bronchial asthma. The role of various computed tomography diagnostic techniques has also been described.

The materials dealing with a clinical application of a mineral chloride-natrium water for treatment of patients with nephroses are considered. The researches were conducted at the nephrology unit of the municipal hospital №3 of Blagoveshchensk. The obtained results indicates the clinical efficiency of the "Konstantinovskaya 1" mineral water application in a complex treatment of the oxalate nephropathy.

It is shown that all ecosystems in the Amur region are polluted by various contaminants, including heavy metals, among which the concentration of mercury is high. However, direct correlation between the quantity of initially revealed unspecific pathology among population of different age and solid, gaseous or liquid pollutant emissions into the atmosphera, or degree of mercury pollution of ecosystems in agricultural and northern areas was not revealed. At the same time the sickness rate of pulmonary and unpulmonary tuberculosis forms and mortality of tuberculosis in northern towns and areas of the region is lower than on the rest territory. In whole blood of healthy and sick inhabitants of Blagoveshchensk town the shifts in contents of chemical elements were noted. In contrast to healthy inhabitants or inhabitants with stomach ulcer or pancreatite, when the active pulmonary tuberculosis takes place, the high content of mercury is registered.

The represented technique of the discriminative analysis application is designed with the purpose of finding out the principles of soft-tissue injury, bone skeleton and thoracic organs revealed under judicial-medical researches of corpes/dead bodies died inside of passenger compartment with a right-handed steering control as a result of car accident.