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Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration

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No 40 (2011)
9-15 106
Abstract
Epidemiological analysis of the population respiratory health in the climatic-geographical and social-economic conditions of the Russian Far-East has been conducted. The basic aims to increase the effectiveness of the first medical-sanitary and specialized care to the patients with respiratory diseases have been formulated on the basis of the expert estimation of basic characteristics of the organization, volume and resource provision of pulmonologic care to the population.
16-18 236
Abstract
At 30 patients with the bronchial average asthma determined erythrogramme peripheral blood and have found out increase contents echinocytes and degenerative forms in comparison with healthy. At patients with the bronchial asthma index deformation erythrocytes that results in formation hypoxia is reduced.
18-22 92
Abstract
The introduction of dihydroquercetin against experimental hyperglycemia reduces the reaction of lipid peroxidation, increases antioxidant protection, prevents the development of structural changes in the wall of blood vessels in peribronchial connective tissue and in the respiratory part of the lungs of laboratory animals.
22-25 92
Abstract
Cytological and crystallographic study of nasal secretion in 86 healthy patients after cold influence has been done. At scanning electronic microscopy crystals of natrium chloride, struvites, cystine crystals, urea and calcium salts were found in the nasal secretion. The intensity of crystallization of the nasal secretion correlates with the partial weight in the nasal cytogram of cells of cylindrical epithelium and segmentonuclear leukocytes. The introduction of dihydroquercetin leads to a significant decrease of crystallization intensity of the nasal secretion and to the reduction of epithelial cells contents. Crystallographic characteristic of the nasal secretion can be a marker of cold influence on the human organism and an evaluating criterion of effectiveness of different methods of cold adaptation correction.
25-28 108
Abstract
Using polymerase chain reaction we studied genetic polymorphism Tyr113His in the gene of microsomal epoxide hydrolase in 73 children with community-acquired pneumonia. These children were in hospital and went through inpatient care in 2010-2011. The control group consisted of 12 healthy children.
During the study it was found out that in 63.7% of the cases children with pneumonia had functionally impaired genotype. Among children with community-acquired pneumonia, complicated with bronchoobstructive syndrome, genotype Tyr/Tyr was 2.5 times more often than among children who had a pneumonia without bronchoobstructive syndrome. Tyr allele of polymorphism Tyr113His in the gene of microsomal epoxide hydrolase occurs in patients with bronchoobstructive syndrome quite often. The obtained data confirm the facts of genetically determined predisposition to the clinical course of pulmonary diseases in children.
29-33 96
Abstract
Phenotypic features of 274 clinical and 41 nasopharyngeal S. pneumoniae strains isolated from bronchial secretions and nasopharynx in children in 2006-2009 were studied. Optochin resistance phenotype was identified in 9.5% of clinical strain cases and in 15% of nasopharyngeal strain cases. The circulation of fourteen (14) S. pneumoniae serovars was found, with serogroups 1, 19 and 6 prevailing in the population. Serogroup detection rate was found to make 29, 30,5 and 17%, respectively. S. pneumoniae nasopharyngeal strains demonstrated high adhesive activity, while clinical strains had a low activity or none at all. The total S. pneumoniae resistance to penicillin makes 25%, which is 2.2 times higher than Russia's average level. Pneumococcal resistance to macrolides was identified in 13-15% of cases. Amoxicillin, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, Linezolid, Chloramphenicol and Vancomycin maintain their antimicrobial activity. Tetracycline and Co-trimoxazole exhibit a low activity.
34-37 342
Abstract
A complex study of plant adaptogens influence on the effectiveness of respiratory diseases prophylaxis in nursery aged children attending infant schools was carried out. It was established that the use of eleutherococcus, rhodiola rosea and hypericum extracts leads to the improvement or normalization of cytological status of tunica mucosa of mouth, to the decrease of a number of children with inflammatory reactions in the mouth and to the increase of children attendance of infant schools till 100%.
37-40 126
Abstract
The causes of non-controlled bronchial asthma were studied. They are connected with inadequate basic therapy as well as with patients' poor awareness and with low compliance conditioned basically by steroid phobia and social and economic problems. It was shown that 48-week adequate basic therapy allowed to improve significantly clinical and functional characteristics and to achieve full or partial control of average bronchial asthma clinical course in 63% of patients. But basic therapy did not help to control severe asthma in 89.5% of patients, though the amount of patients with extremely low control level decreased by 2.4 times (5-9 grades according to Asthma Control Test results). It was established that patients with bronchial asthma underestimated clinical manifestations of the disease and overestimated the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory therapy.
41-43 94
Abstract
This article presents the data about the worldwide day of spirometry in Krasnoyarsk region. 1948 citizens of the region took part in this activity, among which there were 54% of women and 46% of men. Among them there were 38.6% of smokers, including 32% female and 62% male smokers. 14.2% of the participants gave up smoking, including 61.7% of men and 38.3% of women. 47.1% of the participants have never smoked, namely 39.7% of men and 38.3% of women. The spirometry revealed irregularities in 25.7% of cases.
44-47 107
Abstract
The aim of the work is to study the prevalence of smoking among health care workers. In cross-sectional study 140 people were involved, including 33 doctors and 107 nurses of the town hospital. Among smokers there turned out to be 43% of male physicians and 29% of female nurses. It was found out that each third participant of the research regardless educational level smoked. Respiratory complaints were more common among smokers. The smokers were younger than non-smokers.
48-51 105
Abstract
The contents of biomarkers of activity of inflammatory process (IL-6, IL-2, TNF-б, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin) with the further estimation of their diagnostic significance have been studied in patients with community-acquired pneumonia of different severity, complicated course, and lethal outcome. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the mentioned markers of inflammation have been assessed. The complex of predictors for prognostication of community-acquired pneumonia complicated clinical course and lethal outcome with has been suggested. The ways to prognosticate a complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia at the early hospitalization of the patient have been developed.
51-55 96
Abstract
The influence of pulmonary and intracardiac hemodynamics disturbance and of respiration biomechanics on the development of venous congestion in the liver at chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was studied. The disturbances of venous blood flow in the liver at the initial phase of a disease can be caused by extracardiac reasons. The disease progressiveness leads to the development of pulmonary hypertension and to the disturbance of diastolic and systolic function of the right ventricle, which causes congestion. At the reduction of contractile capacity of the right ventricle myocardium, the influence of respiration mechanisms on the character of venous return becomes weaker.
56-59 85
Abstract
The results of the investigation of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) in 169 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with ischemic hearts disease are given in the article. Reproducibility of the method and dependence of CAVI on the arterial pressure level was studied. It was established that the increase of CAVI occurred in accordance with the severity degree of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. High reproducibility of the method and independence on the arterial pressure were proved.
59-62 112
Abstract
The role of motivation in the forming of patterns of changes of life quality parameters, psychoemotional status and smoking in the process of education of COPD patients has been defined. It was established that education of COPD patients leads to the increase of life quality level in a month after training, mostly on account of the scales of psychosocial functioning. The level of life quality is held during three months after training and decreases by the sixth month of the research. The use of education program allows to lower the level of anxiety and depression in COPD patients for three months. The education is an effective method in struggle against smoking.
63-66 102
Abstract
In order to study the condition of cerebral blood flow in 55 patients with COPD, the method of complex estimation of brain hemodynamics was applied in combination with ultrasonic dopplerography and reoencephalography. As a result of the investigation, remodeling of brain vessels and the change of cerebral hemodynamics were revealed. It's established that vascular disturbances increase during the progressiveness of the disease and development of chronic pulmonary heart. The method allows to estimate the condition of arterial and venous blood flow in a complex, reveal the disturbances of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with COPD timely and prescribe correlating therapy.
66-70 206
Abstract
The possibility of free-radical membranes lipid peroxidation in blood plasma and animal liver was studied in the experiment by the introduction of adaptogens - eleutherococcus, rhodiola rosea and licorice root extracts. It was shown that they are effective at the increase of organism stability under stress - the influence of prooxidative factors (cooling and ultraviolet irradiation).
71-73 124
Abstract
The possibility of correction of free-radical membranes lipid peroxidation at cold influence and introduction of dihydroquercetin and vitamin E has been studied. It was established that the use of dihydroquercetin per os in the dose 0.1 mg/kg leads to a more significant decrease of lipid peroxidation products levels (dien conjugates, hydroperoxides, MDA) in the blood of the animals under experiment in comparison with introduction of vitamin E per os in the dose 30 mg/kg.
73-77 104
Abstract
Experimental investigations devoted to the problem of antioxidant medicine development and improvement were carried out. The comparative characteristic of immune status of animals at chronic radial influence against antioxidants medicines (dihydroquercetin and thiobarbamin-103 medication) is given. A positive immune modulating effect of these medications is registered. These researches open new properties of medicines under development and determine approaches to system and local correction of immune status indices which occur under the influence of exogenous factors.
77-81 104
Abstract
170 patients with necrotic suppurative pulmonary diseases were examined upon the characteristics of extravascular pulmonary liquid and volume speed of the blood flow. It was established that lymphologic methods turned out to be the most accurate in the diagnostics of endotoxicosis at necrotic suppurative pulmonary diseases. The characteristics of extravascular pulmonary liquid can be used as a diagnostic test of endotoxicosis of a different degree. The parameters of volume speed of the blood flow can be used as a diagnostic criterion of endotoxicisos intensity.
81-86 149
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to study the influence of ozonotherapy on the immunometabolic status of patients with comorbid chronic bronchitis and arterial hypertension. Intravenus infusions of ozonized physiologic saline have a disintoxication, antihypoxic, hypoglycemic and antioxidative effect. Lipid correction, hypoglycemic and hypocoagulation effects are observed. Immune system indices trends to normalization after treatment course. Neutrophil oxidation metabolism indices have increased.
86-89 87
Abstract
The device for detoxication of biological liquids was developed. It consists of a closed container for freezing biological liquids and it allows to do a partial melting of toxic plasma in its low and central parts with the next removal of this plasma only. With the help of this device the detoxication of plasmatic part of blood, lymph and pleural contents in 20 rabbits with lung abscesses combined with pleural empyema was done.
89-94 127
Abstract
The paper analyzes the respiratory diseases morbidity of the population (children, adolescents, adults) of the Jewish Autonomous Region for the period from 2000 to 2007. There have been identified the areas (Birobidzhan, Obluchensky and Smidovichskii) with the highest morbidity rates for this class of diseases. The quality of weather and air as possible factors which influence the growth and development of respiratory diseases among the population is studied. The correlations between bioclimatic indices of air pollution and respiratory diseases of children, adolescents and adults are revealed.
94-100 130
Abstract
The paper presents the results of the study of nano- and micro particles in air suspension, collected in the snow, by the example of Vladivostok. The application of the laser particle analyzer for the study of qualitative and quantitative composition of atmospheric precipitation is shown. The distribution of the particles different in size and genesis in the city areas with various anthropogenic levels is revealed.
100-104 234
Abstract
The degree of air pollution in Blagoveshchensk with the use of snow cover as an indicator was studied. Quantitative distribution of snow firm deposit on the city territory is defined, heavy metals level is studied, the sources of pollution and auras of dispersion of metals are investigated.
105-107 107
Abstract
The program of optimization of health-improving activities among marine cadets was developed and implemented. The program «Health» consists in a system of hygienic and medical activities. A system-forming factor is a general health-improving effect which is a response to sanitary-hygienic, psycho-physiologic and treatment and prophylaxis activities. As a result of this program introduction there is a tendency to the decrease of morbidity. Differentiated prophylaxis and medical rehabilitation based on rehabilitation technologies allows to decrease the number of cadets with respiratory diseases and the number of days of temporary disability by 31 and 25% correspondingly.
108-112 96
Abstract
The results of empirical study of the contents of a temporary transspective, the contents of separate temporary personality zones as well as values and significance processing of its temporary experience in smoking students are given in the article. It has been revealed that these students have a tendency to center on negative events of the near past, to live by the problems of attitudes and personal appearance at present and describe mostly near future full of failures. Besides, smoking students have got inversions of future events, a low level of life satisfaction, a negative and tensed attitude to their own biography, disbelief in their own abilities and fatalism.
112-116 150
Abstract
According to the history of the development of pathologic and pulmonary notions, the contemporary study of pneumoconiosis and dust bronchitis is revealed in the article. While the search of common patterns of nonspecific bronchopulmonary diseases is typical for general pulmonology, the professional pulmonology uses the local-organ approach in evaluating the nature of the pathology of the lung tissue, bronchi and vessels of lesser pulmonary circulation. The chronic obstructive lung disease conception is not suitable for the professional pathology because of the disregard of the etiological content of the professional pathology paradigm and its methodology.
117-119 124
Abstract
Vaginal cervical biotope in 204 girls-teenagers at the age of 14-17 was examined. Among them there were 178 (87%) with sexually-transmission diseases and 26 (13%) practically healthy girls. The colonization of the reproductive tract of girls with urogenital mycoplasma at non-specific inflammatory diseases was found in 61.2% of cases. The colonization with urogenital mycoplasma of practically healthy girls was not revealed. Ureaplasma urealyticum in biotope was revealed in 46.6% of cases. Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium were revealed equally in 7.3% of cases. Josamycin, Azithromycin and Midekamycin can be recommended for the etiotropic treatment of mycoplasma caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum; for the treatment of those caused by Mycoplasma hominis there can be used Doxycycline, Minocyclin, Josamycin, Clindamycin; and Doxycycline, Tetracyclini, Azithromycin, Pefloxacin can be recommended for the etiotropic treatment of Mycoplasma caused by Mycoplasma genitalium.


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ISSN 1998-5029 (Print)