MUCIN SECRETION IN THE NASAL MUCOSA IN RESPONSE TO COLD AIR HYPERVENTILATION IN ASTHMATICS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF ASTHMA CONTROL AND DISEASE SEVERITY

Mucus hypersecretion is one of the causes of airway obstruction in patients with asthma. The unified airway model considers upper and lower airways as a single morphofunctional entity and predicts potentially similar responses of their mucosas to an asthma trigger. The objective of this study was an assessment of mucin secretion by nasal mucosa in asthmatics with varying degrees of disease severity in response to cold air breathing. Mucin secretion was estimated as changes in the content of total carbohydrates and mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B in the nasal lavage fluid before and after the cold air challenge in 16 patients with different degrees of asthma control and the disease severity, without accelerated decline in lung function. The majority of the subjects exhibited an increase in the carbohydrate level in the first minutes after the cold air challenge with a subsequent decrease to about the initial level during 30 min. The patients with moderate and uncontrolled asthma had higher content of mucin secretion measured as total carbohydrates as compared with the groups of mild and controlled disease. In opposite to the total carbohydrate changes, there was a reduction of MUC5AC and MUC5B in the lavage fluids, on average, after the exposure to cold air. High correlations between content of the two mucins in the samples before and after cold challenge suggest a possibility of a common site of their biosynthesis in nasal mucosa of asthmatics. The found correlations between the content of mucins in nasal lavage fluids and lower airway response to cold air makes nasal mucosa a promising model for studying mucin secretion in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to cold air.

бронхиальная астма, слизистая носа, гипервентиляция холодным воздухом, муцины, MUC5AC, MUC5B, bronchial asthma, nasal mucosa, hyperventilation with cold air, mucins, MUC5AC, MUC5B

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