In 13 healthy, not adapted to hypoxia people, parameters of pulmonary gas exchange, heart rate and oxyhemoglobin saturation level of the arterial blood (SpO₂) during 15-minute breathing of hypoxic air mixture with 17, 15 and 13 vol.% O₂ were studied. The group analysis showed that hypoxia of 17 vol.% O₂ did not cause changes in lung ventilation, the intensity of energy metabolism and heart rate. SpO₂ corresponds to the lower limit of normal, which means the absence of hypoxemia and the significant reaction to hypoxic exposure. At hypoxia of 15 vol.% O₂ there is a further SpO₂ drop, a slight increase of oxygen consumption (VO₂) and the intensity of energy metabolism. Hypoxia (13 vol.%) causes a ventilatory response in the first 5 minutes of exposure, a minute respiratory volume increases by 38%, VO₂ oxygen intake grows by 18-25%, and CO₂ emissions increase by 20-33% compared to normoxia. There is a further blood oxygenation level decrease till 86.5%, it is lower than the normal range for a healthy person. An individual analysis showed that changes in pulmonary gas exchange parameters were observed in 90% of patients at 17 vol.% O₂. It was found out that in people with respiratory system functional disabilities hypoxic hypometabolism response takes the first place for more economical use of small respiratory reserves. This response was observed two times more frequently than in healthy people. The increase of the pulmonary ventilation efficiency is the response to hypoxia as it has lower power inputs than the increase in ventilation.

The paper deals with the research of peculiarities of pro- and antioxidant status of blood serum in 92 bronchial asthma patients with varied sensitization. The research shows that the increase in prooxidant activity of asthma patients blood serum occurs against the background of decrease in its antioxidant activity; salience of both processes varies in correlation with the sensitization variant. As it has been found out, prooxidant activity increase in asthma patients blood serum is accompanied by the rise of malone dialdehyde content, while the decrease in antioxidant activity is accompanied by the fall of the α-tocoferol - a fat-dissolved antioxidant (obvious with fungi- and polyvalent sensitization). Minimal growth of ratio coefficient of prooxidant and antioxidant activity of blood serum in comparison with healthy donors was found in patients with bronchial asthma with sensitization by domestic allergens (in 2 times, p<0.01), and the maximal growth was in patients with fungi- and polyvalent sensitization (in 6.3 and 6.5 times, respectively, p<0.01). Judging by the change in the coefficient of prooxidant-antioxidant activity proportion in blood serum, the strongest oxidation stress occurred among asthma patients with mycogenic and polyvalent sensitization, whereas the weakest one was observed in asthma patients with allergies both to house dust and to pollens. The degree of oxidation stress determines the severity of the disease course.

Content characteristics of lipids in the blood serum, erythrocytes, processes of peroxidation and antiradical protection were studied applying the systematic approach and analysis among patients with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology (162 people with chronic bronchitis in remission and 231 people with COPD of spirometry class GOLD 1, GOLD 2 and GOLD 3 of a stable course). It was found out that chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system are concomitant with different lipid disorders from hypolipidemia to hyperlipidemia of a moderate and apparent grade. After classification with the help of cluster analysis, three types of dyslipidemia were revealed; they depend on nosology, the stage, the period of the disease and the age of patients. These allow to consider them as phenotypes of dyslipidemia. The first phenotype of dyslipidemia is revealed through the changes of cell lipid level and is typical for young and middle-aged patients with chronic bronchitis. The second phenotype appears as a complex of biological defects of lipid metabolism in the form of moderate hyperlipidemia, modification of membrane phospholipids and is typical for old patients with stable COPD of the 3^rd spirometry class. The third phenotype of dyslipidemia is revealed through severe metabolism disorder of the lipid component in the cell membrane, apparent hyperlipidemia and a more intensive processes of lipid peroxidation. It is typical for middle-aged patients with stable COPD of 1^st and 2^nd spirometry classes. High importance of lipids in the development of respiratory failure and inflammation of the organism result in the necessity of metabolic correction, and classifying of dyslipidemia phenotypes allows to find individual ways for the rehabilitation of patients with chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system.

The aim of the research is to study the features of functioning and the character of intra-systemic and cross-systemic integrations of immune and prooxidant-antioxidant system in patients of senior age with COPD to justify the approaches to the correction of correlations between these homeostatic systems with the use of ozone therapy. The parameters of the immune system and the system «lipid peroxidation-antioxidant protection» were studied in people of senior age (75 years and older) including 28 healthy patients and 23 COPD patients in the remission stage. It was found out that the main metabolic features of COPD remission in people of senior age are the disorders of the immune system with the decrease of its functional reserves and the disbalance of the system «lipid peroxidation-antioxidant protection». The presence of COPD led to 3.5 times increase of the number of cross-system relationships in comparison with healthy people. The quantity of direct and reverse correlations was almost equal unlike the group of healthy people where reverse correlations dominated (62%). When the number of strong and medium correlations decreased from 100 till 39.1%, there was an increase of the number of weak correlations from 0 till 60.9%. The number of intra-systemic correlations in the immune system and in the system «lipid peroxidation-antioxidant system» did not have any serious changes in the group of healthy people. There was an increase of weak correlations from 0 till 15.7% in the total number of correlations among the patients. The domination of strong correlations in the group of healthy people tells about a serious stability of systems, in particular the immune system, in comparison with the group of COPD patients. Thus the change of the number of correlations, their strength and intensity, in comparison with somatically healthy people, shows disintegration in the correlations of the immune and metabolic systems under the pathology. The obtained results allow to learn more about integrative correlations of these two systems under COPD remission and to prognosticate the responsiveness of the old organism to the use of ozone therapy which affects the immune balance of the body through the influence on its oxidative-reduction potential.

Modern radiodiagnostics plays an important role in diagnosing of a wide range of bronchopulmonary diseases. The application of roentgen functional methods for the study of bronchial asthma course is becoming more popular due to the increasing prevalence of the disease. To study the possibilities of the method of computer-aided tomography with 3D volumetry in the diagnose of the lung function disorders, 136 patients with bronchial asthma of different severity and 16 healthy people were examined. The program of study included computer-aided tomography with inspiratory-expiratory test, spirography and bodyplethysmography. The obtained data of computer-aided tomography were processed with the help of our own method of 3D volumetry which allows to a quantify the estimation of lung ventilation disorders. While analyzing the data it was possible to find the correlation between functional methods of the research and volumetry: the indices of lungs inflation in asthmatics correlate with the data obtained with functional methods of the research (spirography and bodyplethysmography), which allows to use them in practical estimation of disorders of lung function. The obtained parameters of expiratory inflation of lungs in patients with bronchial asthma were different from the parameters of healthy people and increased depending on the severity of the disease. The quantitative criteria of lungs hyperinflation diagnose were developed. The results of the research prove the effectiveness of the method of 3D-volumetry in the diagnose of disorders of the lung function in patients with bronchial asthma.

The purpose of our research is to study arterial stiffness in patients with COPD III, IV and patients with severe bronchial asthma (BA). The study was of a prospective and observational character and lasted for 52 weeks. Basic characteristics of arterial stiffness, lung function indices and oxygen saturation were identified. 65 people were involved in the research: 17 patients with severe BA (the first group), 14 patients with a severe COPD (the second group), 17 patients with a very severe COPD (the third group). The group of control included 17 practically healthy volunteers. The increase of the main indices of arterial stiffness (the pulse wave velocity in aorta and augmentation index) was found regardless the period of observation in all the groups (р<0.05). Statistically significant increase of ejection period was revealed in the patients of 2 and 3 groups, which shows the decrease of myocardial contractility of the left ventricle regardless the phase of the disease. The patients of the first group were found to have a positive correlation between the level of the pulse wave velocity in the aorta and the duration of the disease (r=0.62; p=0.008). In the 2 group during exacerbation positive correlations between the period of smoking and the pulse wave velocity in the aorta (r=0.57; p=0.03), the parameters of central blood pressure (r=0.61; p=0.02) and peripheral blood pressure (r=0.65; p=0.011) were found. Patients with very severe COPD had a decrease of contractility of the left ventricle, regardless the phase of the disease, which increases the risk of cardiovascular complications.

The aim of the research is to study in the comparative way the frequency of the occurrence, the features of manifestation and predictive value of silent myocardial ischemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and in patients with isolated course of IHD. There are the results of comparative daily monitoring of Holter electrocardiograms of 136 patients with COPD of II stage combined with the stable angina of II functional class (group 1) and of 60 patients with isolated IHD who are compared by the age and angina duration (group 2). The period of observation was 12 months. As a result of the research it was found out that episodes of silent myocardial ischemia were oftener (р<0.01) registered in group 1 (in 56% of patients) than in group 2 (in 35%) and in the patients of group 1 the episodes during a day occurred oftener (р<0.05) and were more lengthy (р<0.01), there was more intensive dislocation of ST-segment below the isoline (р<0.01). The index of the absolute risk of silent myocardial ischemia development in group 2 was 0.345, in group 1 it was significantly higher (0.559), at the same time the relative risk of myocardial ischemia development in group 1 was 4.2 times higher than the same index in group 2 (р=0.01). The absolute risk of the development of acute cardiovascular cases in group 2 was 0.35; in group 1 it was 0.55. The relative risk of the development of acute cardiovascular cases in group 1was 3.3. times higher than in group 2 (p=0.001). Thus comorbide pathology (COPD and IHD association) is an important factor which increases the risk of the development of silent myocardial ischemia associated with the high risk of acute cardiovascular events development (in 64.5%) during the nearest 12 months. This dictates the necessity of active identification of silent myocardial ischemia and timely adequate correction which takes into account pathogenetic mechanisms of its formation.

The aim of the research was to estimate morphological and population changes of lungs macrophages under exposure to laser radiation in the red range. Experimental studies were done on a short-term culture of lungs macrophages of white outbread rats. Epithelial fluid for experimental studies was taken from animals in standard conditions, and then it was put into microchambers and centrifuged under 800 revs during 5 minutes to obtain the monolayer of cells. The obtained macrophages monolayer was acted upon with laser of 0.63 mkm wave length in the dose of 0.2 J/sm². Macrophages of the first group were not exposed to laser irradiation; macrophages of the second group were radiated with the red laser in the dose of 0.2 J/sm²; macrophages of the third group were radiated with the red laser in the dose of 0.2 J/sm²and incubated in the culture medium with Emoxipine addition. With the help of transmission electron microscope the most informative parameters of macrophages were studied, namely: the square, the length, the width and cells circularity. As a result of the study morphometric criteria were identified; they allowed to estimate objectively the response of lungs macrophages in a short-term culture and to identify the groups of small, medium and big cells with the quantitative analysis. The exposure to red laser in the dose of J/sm²led to the changes in morphology, quantitative characteristics and the population composition of lungs macrophages; the number of big cells under radiation was 4.5 times more, the majority of quantitative parameters changed, destructive changes of mitochondria were revealed. Emoxipine addition to the incubation medium under exposure of macrophages to radiation with red laser resulted in the decrease of degenerative changes in cells cytoplasm, decreasing the side effects of laser in the red range under the radiation of 0.2 J/sm².

The results of medical-social estimation of conditions of pulmonologic care and organizational-methodic mechanisms of its management in the system of primary medical-sanitary care are presented. A sociologic study was carried out among 460 general physicians who work in healthcare institutions of the Amur and Yaroslavl regions with a specially developed questionnaire including 45 questions. The majority of interviewed general physicians work in the city institutions (91.9%) and 8.1% in health care institutions in the village, including 66.7% in city policlinics and 20.7% in policlinics of Central Regional Hospitals, 6.9% in the village medical ambulance stations and 5.7% in departmental policlinics. As for age and sex features of the respondents, there were 89.3% of women and 10.7% of men; 13.0% were at the age of 30 years old and younger, 22.6% of 30-39 years old, 22,2% of 40-49 years old, 32.6% of 50-59 years old and 9.6% of 60 years old and older. The results of medical-social study of conditions of the professional work of GPs show that in general 33.7±2.2% of respondents are satisfied with their job and more than a half (58.3±2.2%) estimated the degree of satisfaction with 4 and 5 points (by 5-point scale). At the same time the biggest specific gravity of negative estimations of different working conditions was caused by the level of payment (57.6±2.3% of respondents) and the level of workload (55.3±2.3%). The specialists of the first sector of health care are not satisfied with the equipage of the office: the necessary equipment (48.3±2.3%), the laying out and technical condition of the office (44.1±2.3%), the stock and instruments (40.8±2.2%). The analysis of the motivation of GPs of the first healthcare sector oriented to the effective and qualitative medical care of pulmonologic patients conducted with the application of mutual coupling factor (К_а - D.Yule’s Coefficient of Association и К_к - K.Pearson’s contingency coefficient) allowed to reveal the degree of its dependence on different conditions and factors of professional work, among which the most important were the length of employment (К_а=0.821, К_к=0.371) and the level of professional qualification (К_а=0.495, К_к=0.216), social environment (city, village) and organizational forms of professional activity (К_а=0.488, К_к=0.212). On the basis of system analysis of factors which affect the organization and effectiveness of medical care of pulmonologic patients, the complex of organizational-methodic mechanisms of its optimization at the level of the first health care sector was developed and structured and 20 modules were formed. The results of the sociologic study allowed to define the degree of their priority as instruments of optimization of pulmonologic care of the population.

A high level of heat losses through respiratory organs caused by the climatic discomfort is one of the most important factors (alongside with social-economic and other ecological ones) in the development of respiratory diseases. The aim of the present work is to study the annual course of the heat loss through respiratory organs and acclimatization load which these organs suffer under seasonal changes in the regional center of the Jewish Autonomous Region in the city of Birobidzhan, and the development of preventive measures of respiratory diseases by physical activity at the example of students of Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University. The calculations of respiratory heat losses of a man who is at rest and who does physical work of different intensity are carried out including heat losses for inhaled air heating and the evaporation of water from the airways depending on the temperature and relative humidity of the air. The results show thermal losses in winter are 1.5 times higher than in transition seasons, and twice higher than in summer, which may be a reason for increased respiratory morbidity in autumn and spring. The most severe thermal strain occurs with the adjustment shift from hot to cold during autumn, particularly between September and October. To reduce respiratory morbidity, a special educational program of physical activity training aimed at conditioning respiratory system functionality was developed and applied among students of the University during autumn semester. The complex of breathing exercises approved as the preventive measure for respiratory diseases under rhinitis and bronchial asthma makes the foundation of classes aimed at the prevention of diseases. This program is effective in terms of improving the health of students especially in difficult periods of the seasonal acclimatization of the respiratory system.

The article is devoted to the problem of foreign servicemen health decline. These people came to Russia from different continents: Central Africa, South-East Asia and from Middle East countries. One of the reasons of poor adaptation of the first and the second year foreign cadets studying at the Far Eastern Military Academy of Higher Education is considered to be a sharp climate change. Comparison characteristics of the Amur region’s climate as well as foreign servicemen regions of permanent residence - equatorial, subequatorial and subtropical climate zones are given in the article. It is shown that the young people’s poor adaptation and respiratory pathology depend on the medium temperature, the quantity of clear days, fogs, СO₂ and CO concentration, humidity. The article illustrates that the growth of respiratory morbidity rate (where community-acquired pneumonia takes one of the first ranks) depends on the adaptation to the cold factor and reaction of organism to the general cold influence. Currently there is no specific and consistent system of respiratory diseases prevention at the stage of servicemen adaptation to the new ambient conditions in the medical service of Military Forces. One of the main modern tasks for medical service of Military Forces of RF is the development and realization of the programs on prevention of respiratory system diseases, the development and perfection of methods for express-diagnosis of the respiratory system diseases.

The aim of this article is to estimate the migration processes concerning the Amur region as well as the population's attitude to the situation. The estimation was based on statistical data obtained in the study of migration processes in the Amur region. 1217 residents of the Amur region of 18-60 years old were the object of the sociological study. To collect the material, a special questionnaire was developed. It consisted of 57 questions designed to explore the different sides of respondents' opinions about their lifestyles and their desire and opportunities to leave for other regions of the Russian Federation and foreign countries. The calculations of intensive and extensive performance and their dynamic comparison became the research methods. As a result of the sociologic study social, professional and economic levels of the citizens of the Amur region were revealed. The basic factors influencing the willingness of respondents to leave the Amur region were found. These reasons were: poor environment (43.7%), job dissatisfaction (26.6%), high cost of living and lack of the development of the consumer market, a low level of social services (17.1%), isolation from the center for Russia, high transport rates and lack of benefits for railroad and airline tickets (9.6%). Thus, there is a relatively unfavorable current migration situation in the Amur region. To save the youth within the region, it is necessary to improve the availability and quality of education and increase employment with decent payment. Also, due to the probable misunderstanding of the way the spaceport located in the region is going to operate it is important to improve the work of mass media to clarify the conditions of the spaceport performance for the confused population. In our opinion, it is important to keep educated and able to work people in the Amur region, which can be achieved through the improvement of social-economic development of the region and quality of life.

The aim of the research is the necessity of objectification of psychological, psycho-physiological and physiological state in the diagnostics of the occupational stress. The material of the study was formed of healthy people who work at Investigative Committee of RF under high psychoemotional pressure. The methods of the research include capnography, pulse oxymetry and psychometry. As a result of the research the decrease of adaptation reserves of the organism, hypoxia of the heart muscle, different disturbances of the heart rhythm, non-specific changes of myocardium were diagnosed, which as a whole increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. «Psychologically problematic» accentuations of personality traits were diagnosed. They influence negatively the psychological welfare and lead to high indices of anxiety and depression. The tendency to form psychogenic dyspnea was revealed, the signs of hyperventilation syndrome and the increase of sympathetic tone were identified, which proves the hypothesis about a serious disturbance of adaptation mechanisms under continuous stress. A developed and time-tested complex of clinical-psychological and physiologic correlations allowed to objectify diagnostic criteria of estimation of psychologic and psychophysiologic state of those who work at the Investigative Committee of RF due to the complex approach to the problem of occupational stress aiming at further development of prognostically adjusted methods of self-regulation.

The articles shows the features of the oxygen exchange in 40 parturient women with the relapse of herpesvirus infection in the third trimester (antibody titer IgG 1:12800) and the causes of the decrease of transplacental transference of oxygen in the fetus blood. In erythrocytes of the peripheral blood of parturient women of this group there was a decrease of antioxidant properties of superoxide scavenger; the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products (TBA-active products, lysophosphatidylcholine) at high phospholipase activity aggravated the oxidative denaturation of main membrane proteins of cytoskeleton (spectrin, ankirin and protein 3 and 4.1), increased the microviscosity, lowered the membrane deformation and led to echinocytosis transformation of erythroid cells. There was the disturbance of the composition and properties of hemoglobin against this background. There was also the increase of thermolabile fraction, which at the high level of 2.3 diphosphoglyceric acid contributed to the decrease of oxyhemoglobin formation, рО₂ in blood and the transference of oxygen to placenta tissue. In the supernatant fluid of placenta homogenates from women of this group there was a decrease of heat-shock protein Hsp70 and proapoptotic protein Bcl-2, the increase of cytochrome C level and the activity of caspase-3, which led to the growth of the number of syntrophoblast nuclei in the condition of apoptosis. While studying the structure of fetoplacental barrier, the increase of synthesis of connective tissue fibre structures in the villi stroma was found out, which increased the distance from the basal syntrophoblast membrane to the vessels. The obtained results prove an important role of active herpesvirus infection in the disturbance of oxygen exchange between a mother and a fetus.

The aim of the research is to study morphofunctional changes at maturation of erythrocytes of the peripheral blood in pregnant women at the exacerbation of chronic cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI). The features of energetic exchange of blood erythrocytes of pregnant women with the relapse of CMVI at the 20-22 weeks of gestation were studied. The model which allows to estimate the degree of maturation and the character of biosynthetic activity of blood erythrocytes of pregnant women by the distribution of methylene blue in the membrane of cells was developed. The dependence of the character of erythrocytes painting was revealed: basophil/oxyphilous one depending on the cells maturation and intensiveness of oxidation-reduction processes. In the blood smear of pregnant women under the relapse of CMVI there was a growth of erythrocytes number (р<0.05) painted methylene blue, which proves the decrease of the activity of NADPH/disulphide reductase system. While conducting a biochemical study of blood erythrocytes in pregnant women of this group the suppression of the activity of energy-forming processes was found out, which was revealed in the hydrolysis of the significant part of the total (р<0.05) and bound to hemoglobin ATP (р<0.05). Against this background there was the change of the state of oxidative phosphorylation processes, which contributed to the disturbance of phosphates in the cell and was revealed through the growth of indices of the total (р<0.05) and nonorganic intra-erythrocyte phosphorus (р<0.05). The revealed changes in the energetic provision of erythrocytes under CMVI relapse can be the reason for the development of disturbances of blood rheology of pregnant women and its oxygen-transport properties.

The study of the brain echostructure and blood flow in the medial cerebral artery under moderate cerebral ischemia was done in 29 newborns with intrauterine parainfluenza of 1 and 3 types (group II) and in 26 children with moderate cerebral ischemia (group III) diagnosed against intrauterine mixed-respiratory virus infection (parainfluenza and influenza B were diagnosed in 5 newborns, parainfluenza and respiratory-syncytial virus in 9 newborns, parainfluenza and adenovirus in 12 babies). In group I (the control group) there were 30 healthy newborns. It was found out that in group II the babies had the signs of cerebral edema (44.8%), periventricular ischemia (27.6%), the widening of lateral ventricles and subarachnoid cavity (6.9%), choroid plexus cyst and intraventricular hemorrhaging of I degree (3.4%), brain immaturity (6.9%). These signs of disorder of brain development and blood supply were not found in healthy newborns. The babies of group II in comparison with newborns of group I didn’t have changes in the value of the vessel resistance in the medial cerebral artery; the values of resistance index were 0.68±0.03 and 0.67±0.02, respectively (р>0.05). In newborns of group III in comparison with the babies from group II the signs of brain immaturity (34.6%, р<0.05) and intraventricular hemorrhaging (30.8%, р<0.05) were diagnosed oftener; there was also a higher vessel resistance in the medial cerebral artery (the values of resistance index were 0.77±0.03, р<0.05) against more intensified antenatal hypoxia and endotoxemia which negatively influence endothelium of cerebral blood vessels.

The aim of the study was to predict a large fetus by ultrasound fetometry using the regional standards and the calculation of the expected weight of the fetus by linear regression analysis. A retrospective analysis of the protocols of fetal ultrasound was done with 150 patients who gave birth to large babies and 150 patients who gave birth to babies with normal body weight. The parameters of fetometry including biparietal diameter (BPD), frontal-occipital circumference (FOC), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), femurbone length (FBL) were studied. The criterion of a large fetus was the deviation of one or more of the indicators of fetometry that were above the confidence interval for this term of pregnancy. In 2012, in the Amur region the regional standards of fetometry were developed, up to that time the standards developed for the city of Moscow had been used. It was found out that forecasting of a large fetus in the period of 32-34 weeks of gestation by using regional standards was possible with 46.5% of sensitivity and 86.5% of specificity, which was higher than the use of standards developed for other areas (p<0.001). The sensitivity is increased under comparative analysis due to all analyzed indicators of fetometry, but the greatest one was observed in the BPD of the fetal head (31.3%). The regional standards of fetometry increase the informativity of prediction of fetal macrosomia in comparison with the standards of Moscow, due to reduction of medians of all indicators after 30 weeks of pregnancy and the restriction of the confidence interval of tolerance predominantly of the upper limit of normal. The correlation coefficients for the fetal macrosomia between the indicators of fetometry (BPD, AC, FBL), and body weight of the newborn at birth indicated the significant correlation in 32-34 and 38-40 weeks of pregnancy, which was most intensive in AC of the fetus (r=0.53). The calculation of the expected weight of a large fetus by linear regression analysis based on fetometrical indicators BPD, AC, FBL is reliable and has a high statistical significance (p<0.01).

The study of correlation was done between the complaints character and the examination of bacterial vaginosis with the application of Amsel and Nugent criteria among 123 women who applied for gynecological help to prepare to the program of extracorporal fertilization and the conductance of preconception preparation. The first group included the patients with tubo-peritoneal form of infertility (n=41); the second group included the patients who suffered a failure of extracorporal fertilization (n=41); the third group (of comparison) included the women who came to a gynecologist to have preconception preparation (n=41). The algorithm of examination included the use of bacterioscopic and culture study and PCR-based diagnostics; pHmetry of the vaginal secretion was done. At the initial examination different complaints were made by 12 (29%) patients from the first group, 5 (12%) women from the second group and 7 (17%) patients from the third group. Bacterial vaginosis by Nugent criteria was found in 10 (24%) patients of the first group, 8 (20%) patients of the second group and 9 (22%) women of the third group. According to Amsel criteria bacterial vaginosis was found in 10 patients (24%) of the first group, in 7 patients (17%) of the second group and 9 patients (22%) of the third group. While conducting the additional study of microflora of the cervical canal, high frequency of U.Urealyticum and Candida albicans in patients of the first group was found in 35 cases (85%), in patients of the second group in 19 cases (46%) and in women of the third group only in 5 cases (12%). The obtained results prove that in women with tubo-peritoneal form of infertility the frequency of bacterial vaginosis was higher (р<0.05) than in other groups of women who planned to go through assisted reproductive technology. Reliable differences between diagnostic criteria of Amsel and Nugent to diagnose bacterial vaginosis were not revealed. At the treatment of bacterial vaginosis it is necessary to have an additional examination to find conditioned pathogen flora to cure dysbiosis of vagina caused not only by the decrease of lactobacillus number but by the increase of the growth of conditioned pathogen microorganisms.

In recent years, both abroad and in Russia, scientists strenuously search for and test new drugs made of mushrooms. Basidial fungi (Basidiomycetes) are the perspective source of medicinal substances. The article shows the literary review and the results of personal observation about medicinal properties of 52 species of wood-destroying basidial fungi spread in the Amur region and perspective for the use by local population in alternative medicine. The considered types are divided into three systematic groups: tremelloid, aphyllophoroid and agaricoid basidiomycetes. For individual species within each group additional information is given about distribution, ecology, habitat and time of fruiting. The most important medicinal species with a high regional resource potential are: Auricularia auricula-judae , Daedaleopsis tricolor , Inonotus obliquus, Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma applanatum, Fomitopsis pinicola, Laetiporus sulphureus, Trametes versicolor, Irpex lacteus, Schizophyllum commune, Piptoporus betulinus, Armillariella mellea, Pleurotus ostreatus and others. 10 species of fungi from the list are included in the Red data book of the Amur region.

The review presents modern conceptions about endometriosis which takes the third place in terms of occurrence among gynecological diseases after inflammatory processes and metrofibroma. Endometriosis is characterized with tumor-like lesion in different parts of endometriotic tissue which in its structure and function is similar to the uterine lining - endometrium. Genital endometriosis occurs most often (92-94%), extragenital endometriosis is diagnosed only in 6-8% of patients. Endometriotic tissue in the form of the developed implants can damage respiratory organs. Thoracic endometriosis occurs very rarely, only in 2% from those who have extragenital endometriosis. Respiratory endometriosis is clinically a severe form of the disease which needs to be thoroughly diagnosed. The diagnosis is generally based on clinical data. The symptoms usually correlate with the menstrual period, but it is not always evident in all the patients, which significantly complicates the diacrisis and the estimation of pathological processes spread. The efforts of scientists aimed at the estimation of extragenital endometriosis spread are blocked due to a wide range of symptoms conditioned by the place of invasion location or ectopia of endometriotic masses, ambiguous diagnostics and many other objective and subjective reasons. The work demonstrates exclusive clinical-radiologic study of the patient with the nodular form of endometriosis of pulmonary parenchyma who did not have a typical clinical picture which would correlate with the menstrual period. To the full extent diagnostic possibilities of multispiral computer-aided tomography with the use of multiplanar and 3D-reconstruction, which are significantly better than traditional roentgenography, allow to visualize the tiniest masses in the lungs (their form, size, structure, exact localization, surrounding lung tissue). There is an opinion that multispiral computer-aided tomography with modern postprocessing of the image is a specific diagnostic method of thoracic endometriosis if only there is a competent specialist-diagnostician who knows the peculiarities of clinical manifestations of the disease and can integrate them sensibly. If there are no symptoms of the disease, image-diagnostics becomes a leading method especially when there is the aim to visualize things under diagnostic and surgical manipulations.

The lecture represents the general concept and structure of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a molecular structure, localization and main functions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA). It also shows the main mechanism of antigen processing and presentation involving HLA system molecules of classes I and II. The lecture outlines the arguments of existence of polymorphism of HLA system gens on the basis of genetically determined differences which define the high level of individuality of a human organism. Understanding the mechanism of genetic control allows to apply this knowledge in practice not only in the field of transplantation, but also in the field of diagnostic determination of predisposition to various diseases and a personified approach to the treatment of pathological processes.

The clinical observation of the patient who was diagnosed to have tuberculomas of both lungs of a different activity degree is presented. During the research clinical, morphologic and roentgen interpretation of identified pathological processes was done as well as further identification of their activity. It was found out that despite long medical therapy, the absence of clinical picture, bacterial discharge and the stability by roentgen data, under histological research there was a high activity of tuberculosis process in tuberculomas. This is proved by typical morphological signs such as the presence of specific cell response and identification of focuses behind the main focus of caseation necrosis. The big focuses of caseation necrosis are the most active ones and are subject to necrosis and progressing. Thus, morphological estimation of tuberculomas is the most accurate one at the diagnostics of the disease course.

The history of virus discovery is systematized. The contribution of scientists who started the study of viruses is discussed. Some facts provided are little known and are almost not available.